中国山东省异性恋吸毒者中的 HIV 检测率及相关因素。
HIV test uptake and related factors amongst heterosexual drug users in Shandong province, China.
机构信息
Department of HIV/STI Prevention and Control, Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Department of STI and Leprosy Prevention and Control, Jining Hospital for Skin Disease Control and Prevention, Jining, Shandong, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 18;13(10):e0204489. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204489. eCollection 2018.
BACKGROUND
In China, the mode of HIV transmission and the types and routes of drug use have changed in the past decade. HIV testing amongst drug users needs further improvement.
METHODS
Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used for data collection amongst 600 heterosexual drug users from the community and a municipal detention centre, where criminal suspects are supervised. Descriptive statistics, univariate analysis and multilevel logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors associated with HIV testing amongst heterosexual drug users. All participants were screened HIV and sexually transmitted infections.
RESULTS
Amongst 600 participants, 554 (92.3%) were methamphetamine users, and 155 (25.8%) underwent HIV testing in the past year. Multivariate analysis results revealed that drug users who were single (adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 1.923, 95% confidence interval(CI) = 1.189-3.109), had less knowledge of HIV (AOR = 1.706, 95% CI = 1.074-2.711), used only one kind of drug (AOR = 2.649, 95% CI = 1.155-6.077), used drug via a non-injection route (AOR = 2.121, 95% CI = 1.103-4.078), did not receive free condoms (AOR = 2.307, 95% CI = 1.129-4.715) and who did not receive free publicity material from health workers in the past year (AOR = 2.828, 95% CI = 1.757-4.552) were less likely to undergo HIV testing. A total of 594 participants underwent HIV and syphilis screening in this survey. Amongst these participants, 2 (0.3%) were HIV antibody positive, and 88 (14.8%) showed positive results in both non-treponemal test (rapid plasma regain test) and treponemal test (Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test) for the first time.
CONCLUSIONS
The rate of HIV test uptake amongst heterosexual drug users in China remains low. Thus, more specific interventions are urgently needed to improve the utilisation of HIV testing amongst heterosexual drug users, particularly amongst non-injection drug users in China.
背景
在中国，过去十年间 HIV 的传播模式以及吸毒类型和吸毒途径发生了变化。有必要进一步改进对吸毒者的 HIV 检测。
方法
采用访谈员问卷调查法，对来自社区和市看守所（犯罪嫌疑人在此接受监管）的 600 名异性恋吸毒者进行数据收集。采用描述性统计、单因素分析和多水平逻辑回归分析来确定与异性恋吸毒者 HIV 检测相关的因素。所有参与者均接受 HIV 和性传播感染筛查。
结果
在 600 名参与者中，554 名（92.3%）为甲基苯丙胺使用者，155 名（25.8%）在过去一年中接受过 HIV 检测。多因素分析结果显示，单身吸毒者（调整后的优势比（AOR）=1.923，95%置信区间（CI）=1.189-3.109）、HIV 知识较少者（AOR=1.706，95%CI=1.074-2.711）、仅使用一种药物者（AOR=2.649，95%CI=1.155-6.077）、使用非注射途径吸毒者（AOR=2.121，95%CI=1.103-4.078）、未获得免费避孕套者（AOR=2.307，95%CI=1.129-4.715）和过去一年未获得卫生工作者免费宣传材料者（AOR=2.828，95%CI=1.757-4.552）接受 HIV 检测的可能性较小。共有 594 名参与者在本次调查中接受了 HIV 和梅毒筛查。在这些参与者中，有 2 名（0.3%）HIV 抗体阳性，有 88 名（14.8%）初次同时出现非梅毒螺旋体试验（快速血浆反应素试验）和梅毒螺旋体试验（梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验）阳性结果。
结论
中国异性恋吸毒者 HIV 检测率仍然较低。因此，迫切需要采取更有针对性的干预措施，以提高中国异性恋吸毒者对 HIV 检测的利用，特别是对非注射吸毒者。
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