Bonomi Sara, Marongiu Daniela, Sestu Nicola, Saba Michele, Patrini Maddalena, Bongiovanni Giovanni, Malavasi Lorenzo
Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia and INSTM, Viale Taramelli 16, Pavia, 27100, Italy.
Department of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.7, Cagliari, 09042, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2018 Oct 18;8(1):15388. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33760-w.
Solution-based methods represent the most widespread approach used to deposit hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite films for low-cost but efficient solar cells. However, solution-process techniques offer limited control over film morphology and crystallinity, and most importantly do not allow sequential film deposition to produce perovskite-perovskite heterostructures. Here the successful deposition of CHNHPbI (MAPI) thin films by RF-magnetron sputtering is reported, an industry-tested method to grow large area devices with precisely controlled stoichiometry. MAPI films are grown starting from a single-target made of CHNHI (MAI) and PbI. Films are single-phase, with a barely detectable content of unreacted PbI, full surface coverage and thickness ranging from less than 200 nm to more than 3 μm. Light absorption and emission properties of the deposited films are comparable to as-grown solution-processed MAPI films. The development of vapor-phase deposition methods is of interest to advance perovskite photovoltaic devices with the possibility of fabricating perovskite multijunction solar cells or multicolor bright light-emitting devices in the whole visible spectrum.
基于溶液的方法是用于沉积用于低成本但高效太阳能电池的有机-无机杂化钙钛矿薄膜的最广泛使用的方法。然而，溶液处理技术对薄膜形态和结晶度的控制有限，最重要的是不允许顺序沉积薄膜以产生钙钛矿-钙钛矿异质结构。本文报道了通过射频磁控溅射成功沉积CHNHPbI（MAPI）薄膜，这是一种经过工业测试的方法，用于生长具有精确控制化学计量比的大面积器件。MAPI薄膜从由CHNHI（MAI）和PbI制成的单一靶材开始生长。薄膜为单相，未反应的PbI含量几乎检测不到，表面完全覆盖，厚度范围从小于200nm到大于3μm。沉积薄膜的光吸收和发射特性与生长的溶液处理MAPI薄膜相当。气相沉积方法的发展对于推进钙钛矿光伏器件具有重要意义，有可能制造全可见光谱的钙钛矿多结太阳能电池或多色明亮发光器件。
