Wang M, Li H, Wang J, Gao S
Department of Medical Physics, Peking University Institute of Medical Humanities, Beijing 100191, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2018 Oct 18;50(5):899-904.
X-ray diffraction-enhanced imaging (DEI) method was used to image hepatic fibrous samples, and the texture measurements based on DEI images were calculated and analyzed for investigating the feasibility of diagnosing fibrosis quantitatively.
Hepatic fibrosis of different severity in ICR mice was induced by injecting with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) olive oil solution for 21 d, 42 d and 84 d, respectively. The excised liver tissues were then imaged at the 4W1A Topography & Imaging Station of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). After imaging, the liver tissues were sectioned and stained for Masson trichrome using standard histological techniques. The imaging features of hepatic fibrosis of different severity were analyzed by comparing DEI images with histological examinations. The nine basic texture parameters on regions of interest (ROIs) of DEI images were extracted based on the gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), and then evaluated for their feasibility to distinguish stages of fibrosis.
The results showed that great differences could be observed in the DEI images between the normal and diseased mice in different stages of liver fibrosis. It was demonstrated that there were six texture measurements (entropy, inertia, difference entropy, difference average increase, energy and inverse difference moment) that could distinguish between the normal and diseased mice in different stages of liver fibrosis (P<0.05). The texture parameters of entropy, inertia, difference entropy, difference average increased with the development of fibrosis, while the texture parameters of energy and inverse difference moment decreased with the development of fibrosis. The variation in entropy of different severity of fibrosis was most obvious among the six texture features.
The degree of hepatic fibrosis can be discriminated by morphological features in DEI images. Moreover, the degree of hepatic fibrosis can be graded quantitatively by the texture features. These results suggest that DEI can be a promising noninvasive technique to diagnose and distinguish hepatic fibrosis of different degrees.
采用X射线衍射增强成像（DEI）方法对肝纤维化样本进行成像，并基于DEI图像进行纹理测量计算与分析，以探讨定量诊断纤维化的可行性。
分别通过向ICR小鼠注射四氯化碳（CCl₄）橄榄油溶液21天、42天和84天，诱导不同严重程度的肝纤维化。然后在北京同步辐射装置（BSRF）的4W1A形貌与成像站对切除的肝脏组织进行成像。成像后，使用标准组织学技术将肝脏组织切片并进行Masson三色染色。通过将DEI图像与组织学检查结果进行比较，分析不同严重程度肝纤维化的成像特征。基于灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）提取DEI图像感兴趣区域（ROIs）的九个基本纹理参数，然后评估其区分纤维化阶段的可行性。
结果表明，在肝纤维化不同阶段，正常小鼠和患病小鼠的DEI图像存在显著差异。结果表明，有六个纹理测量值（熵、惯性、差异熵、差异平均增加、能量和逆差异矩）可以区分肝纤维化不同阶段的正常小鼠和患病小鼠（P<0.05）。熵、惯性、差异熵、差异平均等纹理参数随纤维化发展而增加，而能量和逆差异矩纹理参数随纤维化发展而降低。在六个纹理特征中，不同严重程度纤维化的熵变化最为明显。
DEI图像中的形态特征可区分肝纤维化程度。此外，肝纤维化程度可通过纹理特征进行定量分级。这些结果表明，DEI可能是一种有前景的非侵入性技术，用于诊断和区分不同程度的肝纤维化。
