Department of Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin , Madison, Wisconsin.
United States Department of Agriculture Dairy Forage , Madison, Wisconsin.
Physiol Genomics. 2018 Dec 1;50(12):1059-1070. doi: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00052.2018. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
Maternal consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy has established adverse effects on the developing neonate. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of an HFD on the murine mammary gland during midlactation. Female C57BL/6J mice were placed on either a low-fat diet (LFD/10% fat) or HFD (60% fat) from 3 wk of age through peak lactation (lactation day 11/L11). After 4 wk of consuming either the LFD or HFD, female mice were bred. There were no significant differences in milk yield between treatment groups, which was measured from L1 to L9. On L10, mice were subjected to an overnight fast and then euthanized on the morning of L11. Total RNA was isolated from inguinal mammary glands for whole transcriptome sequencing. We found 628 genes that were differentially expressed between the treatment groups. Notably, HFD feeding resulted in expression alterations of genes involved in collagen and cytoplasmic components. Additionally, genes related to inflammatory and immune responses were also impacted. Differential expression in gene transcript isoforms between the treatment groups was detected in three genes related to mammary duct development. This study sheds light as to how an HFD may affect the mammary gland transcriptome during midlactation.
母体在妊娠期间摄入高脂肪饮食（HFD）已被证实会对发育中的新生儿产生不良影响。在本研究中，我们旨在研究 HFD 对泌乳中期小鼠乳腺的影响。雌性 C57BL/6J 小鼠从 3 周龄开始至泌乳高峰期（第 11 天/L11）分别摄入低脂饮食（LFD/10%脂肪）或 HFD（60%脂肪）。在摄入 LFD 或 HFD 4 周后，雌性小鼠进行繁殖。从第 1 天到第 9 天，各组的产奶量没有差异，均进行了测量。第 10 天，小鼠禁食过夜，然后在第 11 天早上安乐死。从腹股沟乳腺中分离总 RNA 进行全转录组测序。我们发现了 628 个在处理组之间差异表达的基因。值得注意的是，HFD 喂养导致与胶原和细胞质成分相关的基因表达发生改变。此外，与炎症和免疫反应相关的基因也受到影响。在与乳腺导管发育相关的三个基因中，检测到处理组之间基因转录本异构体的差异表达。本研究阐明了 HFD 如何在泌乳中期影响乳腺转录组。
