Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
J Cell Physiol. 2019 Mar;234(3):2083-2094. doi: 10.1002/jcp.27353. Epub 2018 Oct 20.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Atherosclerotic plaques, as a hallmark of CAD, cause chronic narrowing of coronary arteries over time and could also result in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The standard treatments for ameliorating AMI are reperfusion strategies, which paradoxically result in ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury. Sphingosine 1 phosphate (S1P), as a potent lysophospholipid, plays an important role in various organs, including immune and cardiovascular systems. In addition, high-density lipoprotein, as a negative predictor of atherosclerosis and CAD, is a major carrier of S1P in blood circulation. S1P mediates its effects through binding to specific G protein-coupled receptors, and its signaling contributes to a variety of responses, including cardiac inflammation, dysfunction, and I/R injury protection. In this review, we will focus on the role of S1P in CAD and I/R injury as a potential therapeutic target.
冠状动脉疾病（CAD）是全球范围内发病率和死亡率的常见原因。动脉粥样硬化斑块是 CAD 的标志，随着时间的推移会导致冠状动脉慢性狭窄，也可能导致急性心肌梗死（AMI）。改善 AMI 的标准治疗方法是再灌注策略，但这种策略会导致缺血再灌注（I/R）损伤，这是矛盾的。作为一种有效的溶血磷脂，神经鞘氨醇 1 磷酸（S1P）在包括免疫系统和心血管系统在内的各种器官中发挥着重要作用。此外，高密度脂蛋白作为动脉粥样硬化和 CAD 的负预测因子，是血液中 S1P 的主要载体。S1P 通过与特定的 G 蛋白偶联受体结合来发挥其作用，其信号转导有助于多种反应，包括心脏炎症、功能障碍和 I/R 损伤保护。在这篇综述中，我们将重点讨论 S1P 在 CAD 和 I/R 损伤中的作用，将其作为一个有潜力的治疗靶点。
