Karmanos Cancer Institutes; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
Karmanos Cancer Institutes; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
J Am Coll Radiol. 2019 Jun;16(6):797-803. doi: 10.1016/j.jacr.2018.08.020. Epub 2018 Oct 17.
Guidelines recommend supplemental breast cancer screening for women at increased breast cancer risk; however, the passage of breast density notification laws may lead to supplemental screening that is incongruent with women's risk. We examined supplemental screening (ie, MRI, ultrasound, or tomosynthesis within 6 months of screening mammogram) among a sample of 2,764 African American (AA) and 691 European American (EA) women with negative or benign screening mammograms for whom we had data from both before and after implementation of breast density notification laws in the state of Michigan. Results indicated a 5-fold increase (from 0.14% to 0.7% of women) in supplemental screening among screen-negative women after passage of the law, driven in large part by an increase in supplemental screening among AA women. Breast density was more predictive of supplemental screening and had a marginally greater explanatory role in between-race differences in supplemental screening after passage of the law. Subgroup analyses (n = 250) indicated that whereas 5-year breast cancer risk was positively associated with supplemental screening before the law and negatively associated after the law for EA women, 5-year risk was not associated with supplemental screening either before or after passage of the law for AA women. Our findings suggest that whereas passage of the breast density notification laws may have motivated supplemental screening among AA women in particular, it lessened the consideration of breast cancer risk in supplemental screening decision making.
指南建议增加乳腺癌风险的女性进行补充乳腺癌筛查;然而,乳腺密度通知法的通过可能导致与女性风险不一致的补充筛查。我们检查了 2764 名非裔美国女性(AA)和 691 名欧洲裔美国女性(EA)的补充筛查(即在筛查性乳房 X 光检查后的 6 个月内进行 MRI、超声或断层合成术),这些女性的筛查性乳房 X 光检查结果为阴性或良性,我们在密歇根州实施乳腺密度通知法前后都有这些女性的数据。结果表明,在该法律通过后,阴性筛查女性的补充筛查增加了 5 倍(从 0.14%增加到 0.7%),这主要是由于 AA 女性的补充筛查增加。乳腺密度对补充筛查的预测性更强,并且在法律通过后,在种族间补充筛查差异方面具有更大的解释作用。亚组分析(n=250)表明,对于 EA 女性,在该法律通过之前,5 年乳腺癌风险与补充筛查呈正相关,而在该法律通过之后,5 年风险与补充筛查呈负相关,而对于 AA 女性,5 年风险与补充筛查无关,无论是在该法律通过之前还是之后。我们的研究结果表明,尽管乳腺密度通知法的通过可能特别促使 AA 女性进行补充筛查,但它降低了在补充筛查决策中对乳腺癌风险的考虑。