Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China.
Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, United States; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
Water Res. 2018 Dec 15;147:440-460. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.10.024. Epub 2018 Oct 10.
Soil contamination by heavy metals and metalloids has been a major concern to human health and environmental quality. While many remediation technologies have been tested at the bench scale, there have been only limited reports at the field scale. This paper aimed to provide a comprehensive overview on the field applications of various soil remediation technologies performed over the last decade or so. Under the general categories of physical, chemical, and biological approaches, ten remediation techniques were critically reviewed. The technical feasibility and economic effectiveness were evaluated, and the pros and cons were appraised. In addition, attention was placed to the environmental impacts of the remediation practices and long-term stability of the contaminants, which should be taken into account in the establishment of remediation goals and environmental criteria. Moreover, key knowledge gaps and practical challenges are identified.
土壤重金属和类金属污染一直是人类健康和环境质量的主要关注点。虽然许多修复技术已经在实验室规模上进行了测试，但在野外规模上的报道却非常有限。本文旨在全面概述过去十年左右各种土壤修复技术的野外应用。根据物理、化学和生物方法的一般类别，对十种修复技术进行了批判性回顾。评估了技术可行性和经济有效性，并评价了优缺点。此外，还关注了修复实践对环境的影响以及污染物的长期稳定性，这在制定修复目标和环境标准时应予以考虑。此外，还确定了关键的知识差距和实际挑战。
