Department of Psychology, George Mason University.
Psychol Trauma. 2019 May;11(4):434-441. doi: 10.1037/tra0000416. Epub 2018 Oct 22.
Much research on military veterans has focused on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other negative outcomes, with few studies of positive outcomes. This study focused on psychological well-being (PWB) in relation to PTSD symptoms and the additional risk factors of sleep problems and depression, as well as a protective factor, self-regulation.
Two hundred thirty-eight student veterans completed questionnaires online, with 115 completing follow-up questionnaires 2 months later.
Path analyses revealed significant associations of PWB with depression and self-regulation in expected directions within and across time points. Links of overall PWB with PTSD and sleep were mostly small and nonsignificant, but some differences were found for distinct domains of PWB. Finally, a significant interaction revealed that the negative association of baseline PTSD with 2-month PWB grew stronger as levels of self-regulation increased.
This finding may indicate that higher scores on our measure of self-regulation reflected emotional overcontrol and rigidity, but further research that attempts to replicate these findings is needed. Overall, findings support the need for examining a broader set of risk and protective factors predictive of outcomes in veterans who served during the recent era of wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
许多关于退伍军人的研究都集中在创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和其他负面结果上，而对积极结果的研究较少。本研究关注与 PTSD 症状以及睡眠问题和抑郁等额外风险因素相关的心理幸福感（PWB），以及自我调节这一保护因素。
238 名学生退伍军人在线完成了问卷调查，其中 115 人在 2 个月后完成了后续问卷调查。
路径分析显示，在时间点内和跨时间点，PWB 与抑郁和自我调节呈预期方向的显著关联。PWB 与 PTSD 和睡眠的总体关联较小且无统计学意义，但在 PWB 的不同领域存在一些差异。最后，一个显著的交互作用表明，随着自我调节水平的提高，基线 PTSD 与 2 个月时 PWB 的负相关关系变得更强。
这一发现可能表明，我们自我调节测量得分较高反映了情绪过度控制和僵化，但需要进一步研究来尝试复制这些发现。总体而言，研究结果支持需要检查更广泛的风险和保护因素，以预测在伊拉克和阿富汗最近战争期间服役的退伍军人的结果。
