The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK.
The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK.
J Environ Manage. 2019 Feb 1;231:275-281. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.019. Epub 2018 Oct 20.
The presence of high level of heavy metals in aquatic environment is a cause of ecological and environmental concern and thus their removal from water courses is environmentally essential. Four natural inexpensive biosorbents: macro algae (Fucus vesiculosus), crab shells (Cancer pagurus), wood chippings and iron-rich soil were tested for copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) removal from aqueous solutions. Batch equilibrations were performed at 1:100 w/v with different initial metal concentrations. Three macro algae pre-treatments (unmodified (UM algae), chemically treated (Ca-T algae) and thermally treated (T-T algae)) were additionally investigated for performance. The sorption capacities were compared with the commercial material biochar and activated carbon. The maximum level of the sorbents for Cu uptake at 15.7 mM/l was attained by the natural material of UM algae (72.37 ± 0.37 mg/g) > Ca-T algae (66.77 ± 0.19 mg/g) > T-T algae (63.06 ± 0.82 mg/g), followed by the commercial material activated carbon (36.71 ± 2.20 mg/g). The maximum level of the sorbents for Zn uptake at 15.3 mM/l was also achieved by the natural material of UM algae (52.40 ± 0.80 mg/g) > Ca-T algae (48.83 ± 2.01 mg/g) > T-T algae (39.57 ± 0.80 mg/g) followed by the commercial material activated carbon (20.78 ± 1.63 mg/g) and biochar (18.07 ± 1.09 mg/g). The results demonstrated that Cu and Zn were effectively removed by these biosorbents at all concentrations. However, at high metals concentrations, the natural material macro algae had greater Cu and Zn sorption capacity than the conventional sorbent activated carbon, and the affinity of these natural biosorbents were greater for Cu than Zn. Hence, inexpensive natural and readily available materials showed potential as biosorbents to remediate polluted stream water of toxic metal contaminants.
水生环境中高水平的重金属是生态和环境关注的一个原因，因此从水流中去除这些重金属是至关重要的。本研究测试了四种天然且廉价的生物吸附剂：大型藻类（泡叶藻）、蟹壳（黄道蟹）、木屑和富铁土壤，以去除水溶液中的铜（Cu）和锌（Zn）。在不同的初始金属浓度下，通过 1:100 的固液比进行批平衡实验。另外还研究了三种大型藻类预处理（未经处理（UM 藻类）、化学处理（Ca-T 藻类）和热处理（T-T 藻类））的性能。将吸附能力与商业材料生物炭和活性炭进行了比较。在 15.7mM/l 的 Cu 吸收水平下，最大的吸附剂是天然的 UM 藻类（72.37±0.37mg/g）>Ca-T 藻类（66.77±0.19mg/g）>T-T 藻类（63.06±0.82mg/g），其次是商业材料活性炭（36.71±2.20mg/g）。在 15.3mM/l 的 Zn 吸收水平下，最大的吸附剂也是天然的 UM 藻类（52.40±0.80mg/g）>Ca-T 藻类（48.83±2.01mg/g）>T-T 藻类（39.57±0.80mg/g），其次是商业材料活性炭（20.78±1.63mg/g）和生物炭（18.07±1.09mg/g）。结果表明，这些生物吸附剂在所有浓度下都能有效地去除 Cu 和 Zn。然而，在高金属浓度下，天然材料大型藻类对 Cu 和 Zn 的吸附能力大于传统吸附剂活性炭，并且这些天然生物吸附剂对 Cu 的亲和力大于 Zn。因此，廉价的天然且易于获得的材料显示出作为生物吸附剂修复受有毒金属污染物污染的溪流的潜力。
