Fahrenkrug Jan
Ugeskr Laeger. 2018 Sep 3;180(36).
Daily biological rhythms are controlled by a clock system, composed of a hierarchical multi-oscillator structure. Each cell in this system harbours a self-sustained autonomous molecular oscillator. Light adjusts the phase of the brain oscillator to the environmental light/dark cycle by intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells through their own photoreceptor, melanopsin, and by using the neuropeptide called pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide as well as glutamate as neurotransmitters. The circadian synchronisation system is critical to health, and breakdown of the 24-hour temporal order could lead to pathological conditions.
日常生物节律由一个时钟系统控制，该系统由分层的多振荡器结构组成。这个系统中的每个细胞都有一个自我维持的自主分子振荡器。光线通过内在光敏性视网膜神经节细胞自身的光感受器黑视蛋白，并利用称为垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽的神经肽以及谷氨酸作为神经递质，将大脑振荡器的相位调整到环境光/暗周期。昼夜节律同步系统对健康至关重要，24小时时间顺序的紊乱可能导致病理状况。
