Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Perspect Med Educ. 2019 Feb;8(1):33-37. doi: 10.1007/s40037-018-0477-y.
Medical school interviews are critical for screening candidates for admission. Traditionally, the panel format is used for this process, although its drastically low reliabilities sparked the creation of the highly reliable multiple mini-interview (MMI). However, the multiple mini-interview's feasibility issues made it unappealing to some institutions, like the University of Toronto, who created the modified personal interview (MPI) as a more feasible alternative. The lack of literature about the MPI, however, prevents the medical community from determining whether this interview format achieves this goal. Therefore, evidence was compiled and critically appraised for the MPI using Kane's validity framework, which enables analysis of four levels of inference (Scoring, Generalization, Extrapolation, Implication). Upon examining each level, it was concluded that assumptions made at the 'Scoring' and 'Generalization' levels had the least support. Based on these findings, it was recommended that in-person rater training become mandatory and the number of stations increase twofold from four to eight. Moreover, the following research initiatives were suggested to improve understanding of and evidence for the modified personal interview: (1) formally blueprint each station; (2) conduct predictive validity studies for the modified personal interview, and (3) relate admission to medical school on the basis of the MPI with medical error rates. By making these changes and studying these initiatives, the MPI can become a more feasible and equally effective alternative to the MMI with more evidence to justify its implementation at other medical schools.
医学院面试对于筛选入学候选人至关重要。传统上，小组面试是用于该过程的模式，尽管其可靠性极低，引发了高度可靠的多项迷你面试（MMI）的创建。然而，多项迷你面试的可行性问题使其对一些机构（如多伦多大学）没有吸引力，后者创建了改良的个人面试（MPI）作为更可行的替代方案。然而，由于缺乏关于 MPI 的文献，医学界无法确定这种面试形式是否能达到这一目标。因此，使用凯恩的有效性框架对 MPI 进行了证据收集和批判性评估，该框架能够分析四个推断层次（评分、推广、推断、含义）。在检查每个层次时，得出的结论是，在“评分”和“推广”层次上做出的假设得到的支持最少。基于这些发现，建议强制进行现场评估员培训，并将站点数量从四个增加到八个。此外，还提出了以下研究计划，以增进对改良个人面试的理解并提供相关证据：（1）正式规划每个站点；（2）对改良个人面试进行预测有效性研究，以及（3）根据 MPI 与医疗错误率将入学与医学院联系起来。通过做出这些改变并研究这些计划，MPI 可以成为 MMI 的更可行和同样有效的替代方案，并提供更多证据来证明其在其他医学院的实施。
