Wu Yi-Le, Yang Xi-Yao, Pan Meng-Shu, Li Ruo-Jie, Hu Xiao-Qian, Zhang Jing-Jing, Yang Li-Qi
Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China.
Epidemiol Infect. 2018 Oct 25;147:e31. doi: 10.1017/S0950268818002856.
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major worldwide public-health problem, but less data are available on the long-term trends of HAIs and antimicrobial use in Eastern China. This study describes the prevalence and long-term trends of HAIs and antimicrobial use in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Hefei, Anhui, China from 2010 to 2017 based on annual point-prevalence surveys. A total of 12 505 inpatients were included; 600 HAIs were recorded in 533 patients, with an overall prevalence of 4.26% and a frequency of 4.80%. No evidence was found for an increasing or decreasing trend in prevalence of HAI over 8 years (trend χ2 = 2.15, P = 0.143). However, significant differences in prevalence of HAI were evident between the surveys (χ2 = 21.14, P < 0.001). The intensive care unit had the highest frequency of HAIs (24.36%) and respiratory tract infections accounted for 62.50% of all cases; Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (16.67%). A 44.13% prevalence of antimicrobial use with a gradually decreasing trend over time was recorded. More attention should be paid to potential high-risk clinical departments and HAI types with further enhancement of rational antimicrobial use.
医疗保健相关感染（HAIs）是一个全球性的重大公共卫生问题，但关于中国东部地区HAIs及抗菌药物使用的长期趋势的数据较少。本研究基于年度现患率调查，描述了2010年至2017年中国安徽合肥一家三级甲等教学医院HAIs及抗菌药物使用的患病率和长期趋势。共纳入12505名住院患者；533例患者中记录到600例HAIs，总体患病率为4.26%，感染频率为4.80%。未发现8年间HAI患病率有上升或下降趋势（趋势χ2 = 2.15，P = 0.143）。然而，各次调查之间HAI患病率存在显著差异（χ2 = 21.14，P < 0.001）。重症监护病房的HAIs发生率最高（24.36%），呼吸道感染占所有病例的62.50%；大肠杆菌是最常见的病原体（16.67%）。抗菌药物使用率为44.13%，且随时间呈逐渐下降趋势。应更加关注潜在的高风险临床科室和HAI类型，进一步加强抗菌药物的合理使用。
