UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2018 Nov 1;22(11):1277-1285. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0092.
To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between alcohol consumption and risk of tuberculosis (TB).
Medline, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched for observational studies from 2005 to April 2018. Reference lists of included studies were screened.
Forty-nine studies were included. Compared with people with low or no alcohol intake, the risk of TB in people with high or any alcohol consumption was increased by relative odds of 1.90 (95%CI 1.63-2.23). Substantial levels of heterogeneity were seen (² = 82%); however, there was no evidence of publication bias ( = 0.54). Sensitivity analysis restricted to studies using no alcohol drinking as a reference group found a slightly lower but still increased risk (OR 1.60, 95%CI 1.39-1.84). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant differences in relation to study design and quality, geographic location, publication year or adjustment for confounders. A pooled analysis of a further four studies reporting hazard ratios (HRs) found a nearly three-fold increase in risk of TB in relation to alcohol consumption during follow-up (HR 2.81, 95%CI 2.12-3.74). An exposure-response analysis showed that for every 10-20 g daily alcohol intake, there was a 12% increase in TB risk.
Alcohol consumption is an important risk factor for the development of TB.
系统评价和荟萃分析饮酒与结核病（TB）风险之间的关系。
检索了 2005 年至 2018 年 4 月期间发表的观察性研究，包括 Medline、EMBASE 和 Web of Science。纳入研究的参考文献也进行了筛选。
共纳入 49 项研究。与低或不饮酒者相比，高或任何饮酒者患结核病的风险相对增加 1.90 倍（95%CI 1.63-2.23）。存在显著的异质性（²=82%）；但无发表偏倚的证据（ = 0.54）。仅纳入以不饮酒为参照组的研究进行敏感性分析，发现风险略低但仍增加（OR 1.60，95%CI 1.39-1.84）。亚组分析显示，研究设计和质量、地理位置、发表年份或混杂因素的调整与结果无关。对另外四项报告危险比（HR）的研究进行的合并分析发现，随访期间饮酒与结核病风险增加近三倍（HR 2.81，95%CI 2.12-3.74）。暴露-反应分析显示，每日酒精摄入量每增加 10-20 克，结核病风险增加 12%。
饮酒是结核病发展的一个重要危险因素。
