Larysz Dawid, Nieroba Elżbieta
Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże AK 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland.
Institute of Sociology, University of Opole, Katowicka 89, 45-061 Opole, Poland.
Healthcare (Basel). 2018 Oct 24;6(4):127. doi: 10.3390/healthcare6040127.
Craniosynostoses are congenital defects in the construction of the skull involving premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. Premature fusion of sutures causes characteristic skull deformation(s). This affect the structure and thus the appearance of the entire head and face. The aim of this study was to analyze parents' subjective assessments of head and facial appearance in children with craniosynostoses before and after surgery. Parents also assessed the interpersonal relationship of their children with peers and adults (after surgery).
This study was conducted among parents of 230 children treated in Poland, in two multidisciplinary centers. Detailed statistical analysis was conducted among children who had undergone surgery. Independent variables were age (at survey) of the child (three years and less, four years, and five years and more) and type of craniosynostosis (isolated and syndromic). A chi-square independence test was used. Data was collected using surveys.
In the opinion of most parents, the appearance of their child's head and face after surgery did not differ or differed only slightly from that of their peers. The results of subjective assessment of appearance of children's face and head after reconstructive treatment remains comparable in three subgroups of patients according to the age. It seems that specific head shape according to the type of craniosynostosis does not have an impact on relations with peers and adults.
Surgical treatment of children with craniosynostoses improves the appearance of their head and face. This improvement seems not to depend on the type of isolated craniosynostosis, and is constant over time.
颅缝早闭是颅骨结构的先天性缺陷，涉及一条或多条颅缝过早融合。颅缝过早融合会导致特征性的颅骨变形。这会影响整个头部和面部的结构，进而影响其外观。本研究的目的是分析父母对颅缝早闭患儿手术前后头部和面部外观的主观评估。父母还评估了他们孩子（手术后）与同龄人和成年人的人际关系。
本研究在波兰两个多学科中心接受治疗的230名儿童的父母中进行。对接受手术的儿童进行了详细的统计分析。自变量为儿童（调查时）的年龄（三岁及以下、四岁、五岁及以上）和颅缝早闭的类型（孤立型和综合征型）。采用卡方独立性检验。数据通过调查收集。
大多数父母认为，他们孩子手术后的头部和面部外观与同龄人没有差异或仅有轻微差异。根据年龄划分的三个患者亚组中，重建治疗后儿童面部和头部外观的主观评估结果仍然具有可比性。似乎根据颅缝早闭类型而定的特定头部形状对与同龄人和成年人的关系没有影响。
颅缝早闭患儿的手术治疗改善了他们的头部和面部外观。这种改善似乎不取决于孤立型颅缝早闭的类型，并且随着时间的推移保持不变。
