Pechnick R N, George R, Poland R E
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1987;12(1):67-71. doi: 10.1016/0306-4530(87)90024-2.
The acute administration of morphine elicits changes in the release of anterior pituitary hormones. The locus of this action is thought to be in the central nervous system, specifically the hypothalamus. There are some data suggesting that systemically administered opiates and opioid peptides can act outside of the blood-brain barrier to influence anterior pituitary hormone release. To test this hypothesis we examined the effects of the systemic administration of N-methylmorphine chloride, a quaternary analogue of morphine that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, on the release of corticosterone, growth hormone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, and thyroid stimulating hormone in the rat. N-methylmorphine caused increases in the release of growth hormone and prolactin, but serum levels of corticosterone, luteinizing hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone were unaffected. These results indicate that the opiate-induced release of growth hormone and prolactin may be mediated in part by sites outside of the blood-brain barrier.
急性给予吗啡会引起垂体前叶激素释放的变化。这种作用的位点被认为位于中枢神经系统，特别是下丘脑。有一些数据表明，全身给药的阿片类药物和阿片肽可以在血脑屏障之外发挥作用，从而影响垂体前叶激素的释放。为了验证这一假设，我们研究了全身给予氯化N-甲基吗啡（一种不会穿过血脑屏障的吗啡季铵类似物）对大鼠皮质酮、生长激素、催乳素、黄体生成素和促甲状腺激素释放的影响。N-甲基吗啡导致生长激素和催乳素释放增加，但皮质酮、黄体生成素和促甲状腺激素的血清水平未受影响。这些结果表明，阿片类药物诱导的生长激素和催乳素释放可能部分由血脑屏障外的位点介导。
