Ist Department of Lung Diseases and Chemotherapy of Respiratory Neoplasms, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Ist Department of Nephrology and Transplantation with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1150:11-16. doi: 10.1007/5584_2018_285.
Progranulin is a growth and survival factor implicated in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Several studies showed that progranulin is expressed in breast cancer tissue and inversely correlates with survival. B lymphocyte chemoattractant, also known as B cell-attracting chemokine 1 (BCA-1), is a member of the CXC subtype of the chemokine superfamily. BCA-1 is critical for secondary lymphoid tissue development and navigation of lymphocytes within the microcompartments of the tissue. There are no data on the content of progranulin and BCA-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. To study this issue, we measured BALF content of progranulin and BCA-1 in 46 NSCLC patients before chemotherapy and 15 healthy subjects. Both markers were elevated in cancer patients compared to healthy subjects (progranulin: 61.4 (1.6-384.0) vs. 6.5 (0.6-12.9) ng/ml, p = 0.001 and BCA-1: 30.8 (24.3-70.8) vs. 15.4 (13.3-19.5) pg/ml, p = 0.0001). The cut-off BALF level concerning NSCLC vs. controls, investigated using the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, yielded 6.5 ng/ml for progranulin and 15.4 pg/ml for BCA-1. We failed to find any association between the BALF content of progranulin or BCA-1 and the stage of tumor or prospectively assessed treatment response. However, BALF progranulin associated with time to tumor progression (r = 0.61; p = 0.04). In addition, a higher BALF content of BCA-1 in NSCLC patients associated with shorter overall survival. We conclude that progranulin and BCA-1 in BALF of NSCLC patients before chemotherapy may be prognostic factors of cancer progression.
颗粒蛋白前体是一种生长和存活因子，与肿瘤发生和耐药有关。几项研究表明，颗粒蛋白前体在乳腺癌组织中表达，并与生存呈负相关。B 淋巴细胞趋化因子 1（BCA-1），又称 B 细胞趋化因子 1（B cell-attracting chemokine 1），是趋化因子超家族的 CXC 亚类成员。BCA-1 对次级淋巴组织发育和淋巴细胞在组织微区的导航至关重要。目前尚无非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中颗粒蛋白前体和 BCA-1 含量的数据。为了研究这个问题，我们测量了 46 例 NSCLC 患者化疗前和 15 例健康对照者 BALF 中颗粒蛋白前体和 BCA-1 的含量。与健康对照组相比，两种标志物在癌症患者中均升高（颗粒蛋白前体：61.4（1.6-384.0）与 6.5（0.6-12.9）ng/ml，p=0.001 和 BCA-1：30.8（24.3-70.8）与 15.4（13.3-19.5）pg/ml，p=0.0001）。使用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线研究 NSCLC 与对照组的 BALF 水平临界值，得到颗粒蛋白前体为 6.5ng/ml，BCA-1 为 15.4pg/ml。我们未能发现 BALF 中颗粒蛋白前体或 BCA-1 含量与肿瘤分期或前瞻性评估的治疗反应之间存在任何关联。然而，BALF 颗粒蛋白前体与肿瘤进展时间相关（r=0.61，p=0.04）。此外，NSCLC 患者 BALF 中 BCA-1 含量较高与总生存时间较短相关。我们得出结论，化疗前 NSCLC 患者 BALF 中的颗粒蛋白前体和 BCA-1 可能是癌症进展的预后因素。
