School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Mar;28(5-6):902-911. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14699. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
To determine the prevalence and type of occupational injuries in nurses and their associations with workload, working shift, and nurses' individual and organisational factors.
Nurses are vulnerable to occupational injuries due to the nature of their job.
A cross-sectional correlational design (based on STROBE Statement) was conducted.
This study was conducted among 616 nurses of four public hospitals located in four different provinces in Iran. Data were collected using three questionnaires including an organisational and demographic questionnaire, an occupational injuries checklist and the NASA-TLX questionnaire (about mental workload). Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and multivariate logistic regression were used in SPSS version 23.0 for statistical analysis.
Blood and body fluid exposures had the highest prevalence (47.4%) among all injuries. Needlestick injuries showed a significant relation with gender, age, number of shifts in a month and work experience. With increase in mental workload, needlestick injuries increase by 35%. Also, injuries reported by nurses working in rotating shifts were 15%-53% more than nurses working in fixed shifts.
Working in rotating shifts and work overload was significantly related to all injuries. Decreasing nurses' mental workload, introducing guidelines and efficient training in shift work schedules can help decrease occupational injuries among nurses.
In order to reduce occupational injuries among nurses, in addition to incorporating advanced management and technology, it is necessary to pay attention to psychosocial, individual and organisational risk factors related to occupational injuries and their frequency in nurses. Also, reducing personnel's mental and occupational pressure should be considered.
确定护士职业伤害的发生率和类型及其与工作量、工作班次以及护士个体和组织因素的关系。
由于工作性质的原因，护士容易受到职业伤害。
采用横断面相关性设计（基于 STROBE 声明）。
本研究在伊朗四个不同省份的四家公立医院中进行，共纳入 616 名护士。使用包括组织和人口学问卷、职业伤害检查表和 NASA-TLX 问卷（关于心理工作量）在内的三份问卷收集数据。使用 SPSS 23.0 版进行统计分析，包括卡方检验、单因素方差分析和多因素逻辑回归。
所有伤害中，血液和体液暴露的发生率最高（47.4%）。针刺伤与性别、年龄、每月轮班次数和工作经验有关。随着心理工作量的增加，针刺伤增加了 35%。此外，轮班工作的护士报告的伤害比固定班次工作的护士多 15%-53%。
轮班工作和工作过载与所有伤害显著相关。降低护士的心理工作量、引入轮班工作时间表指南和有效的培训，可以帮助减少护士的职业伤害。
为了减少护士的职业伤害，除了采用先进的管理和技术外，还需要注意与职业伤害相关的社会心理、个体和组织风险因素及其在护士中的发生频率。此外，应考虑减轻人员的心理和职业压力。
