BJ Lassiter Enterprises LLC, Kissimmee, FL, USA.
University of the Rockies, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Jun;36(11-12):5813-5837. doi: 10.1177/0886260518807907. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
The purpose of this study was to gain consensus from experts on the best practices that might be taken into account when developing early bystander intervention training programs to reduce both workplace intimate partner violence (WIPV) and workplace bullying (WB). A U.S. nationwide panel of 17 experts completed the qualitative five-round modified Delphi study. The experts were leaders or managers from business, government, not-for-profit, and academic organizations who exceeded the criteria to participate in the study. Research included the collection of data electronically to answer the research question: What do experts with experience in the area of workplace violence (WV), WB, or WIPV agree constitute the best practices that might be considered when developing a bystander training program to address WIPV or WB? In Rounds 1 and 2, participants provided their demographics and initial opinions about best practices. Likert-type scales were used as follows: Round 3, to rate agreement about which statements constituted best practices; Round 4, to rank order statements from Round 3; and Round 5, to rate the importance of each statement. Results were analyzed for top best practices. Three themes emerged: leadership, training, and people involved in the incident. Findings indicated that senior management must be committed to lead the way; that victims, targets, and bystanders need to be protected, and confidentiality must be maintained. The study was based on the concept of altruism and empathy that humans show to others experiencing crisis or suffering. Practical implications showed a clear emphasis on the critical need for leadership as the foundation for reducing all forms of violence in the workplace; training should instruct staff in how to identify WV, WB, and WIPV, when to intervene, and how to get help; and ensure that victims are treated in a supportive and caring manner.
本研究旨在就制定早期旁观者干预培训计划以减少工作场所亲密伴侣暴力（WIPV）和工作场所欺凌（WB）的最佳做法达成专家共识。一个由 17 名专家组成的美国全国小组完成了这项定性的五轮修改后的德尔菲研究。这些专家来自企业、政府、非营利组织和学术组织的领导者或管理人员，他们符合参与研究的标准。研究包括以电子方式收集数据，以回答研究问题：在制定解决 WIPV 或 WB 的旁观者培训计划时，具有工作场所暴力（WV）、WB 或 WIPV 经验的专家认为哪些最佳做法可能被考虑？在第 1 轮和第 2 轮中，参与者提供了他们的人口统计数据和对最佳做法的初步意见。李克特量表如下使用：第 3 轮，对构成最佳实践的陈述的意见进行评分；第 4 轮，对第 3 轮的陈述进行排序；第 5 轮，对每个陈述的重要性进行评分。对顶级最佳实践进行了结果分析。出现了三个主题：领导力、培训和参与事件的人员。研究结果表明，高级管理层必须承诺带头；必须保护受害者、目标和旁观者，并必须保持机密性。该研究基于人类对经历危机或苦难的其他人表现出的利他主义和同理心的概念。实际影响表明，领导层作为减少工作场所所有形式暴力的基础，对领导力的迫切需求给予了明确的强调；培训应指导员工如何识别 WV、WB 和 WIPV、何时进行干预以及如何寻求帮助；并确保以支持和关爱的方式对待受害者。
