Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Neuron. 2018 Oct 24;100(2):330-348. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.013.
Gene transcription is the process by which the genetic codes of organisms are read and interpreted as a set of instructions for cells to divide, differentiate, migrate, and mature. As cells function in their respective niches, transcription further allows mature cells to interact dynamically with their external environment while reliably retaining fundamental information about past experiences. In this Review, we provide an overview of the field of activity-dependent transcription in the vertebrate brain and highlight contemporary work that ranges from studies of activity-dependent chromatin modifications to plasticity mechanisms underlying adaptive behaviors. We identify key gaps in knowledge and propose integrated approaches toward a deeper understanding of how activity-dependent transcription promotes the refinement and plasticity of neural circuits for cognitive function.
基因转录是生物体读取和解释遗传密码的过程，这些遗传密码被解读为细胞分裂、分化、迁移和成熟的一系列指令。随着细胞在各自的生态位中发挥作用，转录进一步允许成熟细胞与外部环境动态交互，同时可靠地保留关于过去经验的基本信息。在这篇综述中，我们概述了脊椎动物大脑中活性依赖转录的领域，并强调了当前从活性依赖染色质修饰到适应性行为背后的可塑性机制的研究工作。我们确定了知识的关键差距，并提出了综合方法，以更深入地了解活性依赖转录如何促进认知功能的神经回路的精细化和可塑性。
