School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, China.
Science and Technology on Combustion, Thermal-Structure and Internal Flow Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, Shaanxi, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Oct 23;18(11):3600. doi: 10.3390/s18113600.
Aiming at the two-dimensional (2D) incoherently distributed (ID) sources, we explore a direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm based on uniform rectangular arrays (URA). By means of Taylor series expansion of steering vector, rotational invariance relations with regard to nominal azimuth and nominal elevation between subarrays are deduced under the assumption of small angular spreads and small sensors distance firstly; then received signal vectors can be described by generalized steering matrices and generalized signal vectors; thus, an estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) like algorithm is proposed to estimate nominal elevation and nominal azimuth respectively using covariance matrices of constructed subarrays. Angle matching method is proposed by virtue of Capon principle lastly. The proposed method can estimate multiple 2D ID sources without spectral searching and without information of angular power distribution function of sources. Investigating different , sources with different angular power density functions, sources in boundary region, distance between sensors and number of sources, simulations are conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
针对二维（2D）非相干分布（ID）源，我们探索了一种基于均匀矩形阵列（URA）的到达方向（DOA）估计算法。通过导向矢量的泰勒级数展开，首先在小角度扩展和小传感器距离的假设下，推导出子阵之间关于名义方位角和名义仰角的旋转不变关系；然后，接收信号矢量可以用广义导向矩阵和广义信号矢量来描述；因此，提出了一种利用旋转不变技术（ESPRIT）算法估计信号参数的方法，分别使用构造子阵的协方差矩阵来估计名义方位角和名义仰角。最后，利用 Capon 原理提出了角度匹配方法。该方法可以在没有谱搜索和没有源角功率分布函数信息的情况下估计多个 2D ID 源。通过研究不同的，具有不同角功率密度函数的源，边界区域的源，传感器之间的距离和源的数量，进行了模拟以研究该方法的有效性。
