a Department of Neurosciences , University of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
b Department of Neurology , University Hospital of Geneva , Geneva , Switzerland.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2019 Jul;33(5):948-970. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2018.1503722. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
: Unilateral spatial neglect is a multi-faceted syndrome that arises from brain lesions, typically in the right hemisphere, and is characterized by the failure to attend or respond to stimuli in contralesional space. Here, we expand on the proposal that one deficit contributing to the diverse symptoms in neglect involves spatial remapping processes. Spatial remapping is required to maintain a stable visual representation despite frequent eye movements that change the retinal image. Neglect patients' lesions may disrupt the transfer of this representation across saccades, resulting in the loss of spatial information in working memory or even awareness of an object's presence. : In this review, we will characterize the neglect syndrome and its anatomical origins, describe spatial remapping in healthy individuals, then focus on how impairments of remapping and spatial working memory could contribute to some reported neglect symptoms. Finally, we will discuss the effectiveness of a rehabilitation method known as prism adaptation for alleviating visual spatial symptoms in neglect patients in relation to spatial remapping performance. : The heterogeneity of spatial neglect makes it difficult to pinpoint a single underlying dysfunction or causal lesion. Given the number of brain regions that may be damaged across neglect patients, it is likely that many different processes contribute to the manifested attentional symptoms. In this review, we highlight the role of spatial remapping mechanisms subserved by posterior parietal cortex as one of the underlying deficits leading to visual spatial neglect.
单侧空间忽略是一种多方面的综合征，源于大脑损伤，通常发生在右半球，其特征是无法注意或对对侧空间的刺激做出反应。在这里，我们扩展了一个建议，即导致忽略症多种症状的一个缺陷涉及空间重映射过程。尽管频繁的眼球运动会改变视网膜图像，但空间重映射对于保持稳定的视觉表示是必需的。忽略症患者的损伤可能会破坏这种表示在眼跳之间的转移，从而导致工作记忆中的空间信息丢失，甚至导致对物体存在的意识丧失。
在这篇综述中，我们将描述忽略症及其解剖学起源，描述健康个体中的空间重映射，然后重点讨论重映射和空间工作记忆的损伤如何导致一些报告的忽略症症状。最后，我们将讨论一种称为棱镜适应的康复方法的有效性，该方法与空间重映射性能有关，可减轻忽略症患者的视觉空间症状。
忽略症的异质性使得难以确定单一的潜在功能障碍或因果损伤。鉴于忽略症患者可能有多个脑区受损，许多不同的过程可能导致表现出的注意力症状。在这篇综述中，我们强调了由后顶叶皮层支持的空间重映射机制的作用，这是导致视觉空间忽略的潜在缺陷之一。
