Pal Priyanka, Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel
Laboratory of Bioproduct Chemistry, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), Mohali-, 140 306, Punjab, India.
ChemSusChem. 2019 Jan 10;12(1):145-163. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201801744. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is one of the versatile platform molecules that can be derived from biomass, and a promising starting substrate for producing 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). DFF is a platform chemical with applications in pharmaceuticals, macrocyclic ligands, and functional polymeric materials. Importantly, FDCA is being considered as a potential alternative to replace terephthalic acid for producing the bioplastic polyethylene furanoate, instead of polyethylene terephthalate, by blending with ethylene glycol. A significant number of studies have focused on the oxidation of HMF to FDCA with metal-containing heterogeneous catalysts in both aqueous and organic media in the presence of peroxides/air/molecular oxygen as the oxidant. In this regard, articles have recently been published related to HMF oxidation with base (nonprecious)-metal-containing catalysts that exhibit appealing activity towards DFF or FDCA in terms of yield. Thus, this Minireview focuses on recent developments in efficient transformations of HMF to DFF and FDCA with base-metal-containing heterogeneous catalysts in aqueous and organic media. This review further focuses on the direct transformation of glucose/fructose to DFF and/or FDCA with nonprecious-metal-containing catalysts in various solvents. Photocatalytic approaches for HMF oxidation with nonprecious metal- containing catalysts are also briefly discussed.
5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）是一种可从生物质中提取的多功能平台分子，也是生产2,5-二甲基呋喃（DFF）和2,5-呋喃二甲酸（FDCA）的一种很有前景的起始底物。DFF是一种平台化学品，可应用于制药、大环配体和功能性高分子材料。重要的是，FDCA被认为是一种潜在的替代品，可通过与乙二醇混合，替代对苯二甲酸来生产生物塑料聚呋喃二甲酸乙二酯，而不是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。大量研究集中于在过氧化物/空气/分子氧作为氧化剂的情况下，在水性和有机介质中用含金属的多相催化剂将HMF氧化为FDCA。在这方面，最近发表了一些关于使用含碱（非贵金属）金属催化剂进行HMF氧化的文章，这些催化剂在产率方面对DFF或FDCA表现出诱人的活性。因此，本综述聚焦于近期在水性和有机介质中用含碱金属的多相催化剂将HMF高效转化为DFF和FDCA的进展。本综述还聚焦于在各种溶剂中用含非贵金属催化剂将葡萄糖/果糖直接转化为DFF和/或FDCA。还简要讨论了用含非贵金属催化剂对HMF进行光催化氧化的方法。
