1Department of Psychology,University of Utah,Salt Lake City,Utah.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2019 Jan;25(1):29-38. doi: 10.1017/S1355617718000838. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Expressive suppression (ES) is an emotion-regulation strategy that is associated with poorer performance on subsequently administered tests of executive functioning (EF). It is not known, however, how far into the future ES interferes with EF. This study examined whether (a) ES negatively affects performance on EF tests repeated 1 year after the initial administration (presumably through interference with learning, leading to a reduced practice effect), and (b) whether such an effect, if seen, is unique to EF or whether it also affects lower-order cognitive processes needed for EF test performance.
Sixty-six non-demented community-dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to either an ES group or control group. Executive and non-executive tests were administered before and immediately following the exposure to an emotionally evocative video, and then again at 1-year follow-up. Groups were compared at 1-year follow-up on tests of EF and lower-order processes, to examine whether the previously demonstrated impact of ES on EF is evident only immediately following the experimental manipulation (Franchow & Suchy, 2017), or also at 1-year follow-up.
The results showed that participants who engaged in ES continued to exhibit poorer performance on EF tests 1 year later. This effect was not present for performance on tests of lower-order processes.
These results suggest that the use of ES before an EF task can interfere with the ability to benefit from exposure to that task, thereby negatively affecting future performance. (JINS, 2019, 25, 29-38).
表达抑制（ES）是一种情绪调节策略，与随后进行的执行功能（EF）测试的表现较差有关。然而，尚不清楚 ES 对 EF 的干扰能持续多久。本研究考察了（a）ES 是否会对初始测试后 1 年重复进行的 EF 测试的表现产生负面影响（可能通过干扰学习，导致练习效果降低），以及（b）如果存在这种影响，这种影响是否仅对 EF 产生特异性影响，还是也会影响 EF 测试表现所需的较低阶认知过程。
66 名非痴呆的社区居住老年人被随机分配到 ES 组或对照组。在暴露于情感唤起的视频之前和之后立即进行 EF 和非 EF 测试，然后在 1 年随访时再次进行测试。在 1 年随访时比较两组的 EF 和较低阶过程测试，以检查 ES 对 EF 的先前显示影响是否仅在实验操作后立即显现（Franchow & Suchy，2017），或者是否也在 1 年随访时显现。
结果表明，进行 ES 的参与者在 1 年后继续表现出 EF 测试较差的表现。对于较低阶过程测试的表现，没有这种影响。
这些结果表明，在 EF 任务之前使用 ES 可能会干扰从该任务中受益的能力，从而对未来的表现产生负面影响。（JINS，2019，25，29-38）。
