Hertz Steven G, Wood Eileen, Gilbert Jessica, Victor Rosemary, Anderson Erin, Desmarais Serge
a Psychology , Wilfrid Laurier University , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada.
b Department of Psychology , University of Guelph , Guelph , Ontario , Canada.
J Genet Psychol. 2018 Sep-Oct;179(5):311-323. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2018.1512077. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Children's understanding of rewards for task completion was examined in the context of gender, and gender-based stereotypes. Eighty-eight children (43 girls, = 58.39 months) completed a measure assessing gender-based occupational stereotypes. This measure, along with gender, was used to predict children's self-reward for undergoing the testing, as well as their reward for a fictional other child having undergone the same procedure. The methodology provided a novel approach for studying reward allocation in children, as it did not require children to divide resources between themselves and another child for completing the same task. An occupation-based stereotype measure was found to predict the self-reward, as well as the reward allocated to the other child. In addition, the participant's gender predicted self-reward, and an interaction between participant gender and gender of the experimenter contributed to predicting the other child reward. Overall, these findings suggest that gender and gender-based stereotyping have an impact on reward allocation of young children. Implications of these results in the context of reward allocation research among children and adult populations are discussed.
在性别及基于性别的刻板印象背景下，研究了儿童对任务完成奖励的理解。88名儿童（43名女孩，平均年龄 = 58.39个月）完成了一项评估基于性别的职业刻板印象的测评。该测评以及性别被用于预测儿童因接受测试而给自己的奖励，以及他们给虚构的另一名接受相同程序的儿童的奖励。该方法为研究儿童的奖励分配提供了一种新途径，因为它不要求儿童为完成相同任务而在自己和另一个孩子之间分配资源。研究发现，基于职业的刻板印象测评能够预测自我奖励以及分配给另一个孩子的奖励。此外，参与者的性别能够预测自我奖励，并且参与者性别与实验者性别之间的交互作用有助于预测给另一个孩子的奖励。总体而言，这些发现表明性别及基于性别的刻板印象对幼儿的奖励分配有影响。本文讨论了这些结果在儿童和成人奖励分配研究背景下的意义。
