Muñoz-de-la-Torre L P, Eguibar J R, Cortés C, Ugarte A, Trujillo A
Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72570 Puebla, Mexico.
Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 72000 Puebla, Mexico.
Int J Endocrinol. 2018 Sep 16;2018:5718782. doi: 10.1155/2018/5718782. eCollection 2018.
Infertility and reproductive problems have been reported in women with several neurological disorders, for example, demyelination. However, the physiology of such problems has remained unknown so far. The rats are an animal neurological model that initially shows a hypomyelination followed by a progressive demyelination of the central nervous system. This animal has reproductive problems, and the aim of this work is to characterize the follicular development, secretion of ovarian hormones, and presence of noradrenaline in the ovaries of the female rats in the juvenile and adult stages. The rats have low body weight (approximately 19% less than that of SD rats), a delay of 4 days in the age of vaginal opening, and an irregularity in the estrous cycle by the absence or prolongation of some estral cycle stage. In the juvenile stage, we observed a decrease of approximately 44% in the total number of follicles with a 15% increase of atresia and an 80% decrease in the fluorescence intensity of catecholamines in the ovaries, with a 21% increment in plasma concentrations of testosterone. In the adult stage, we observed follicular cysts and a 50% decrease in fluorescence intensity of catecholamines in the ovaries, with changes in the secretion of ovarian hormones, an increase of 20 times in progesterone, and a decrement of a half in estradiol. The demyelination in rats affects follicular development and steroidogenesis in the early stages of the animal's life, and this is maintained until adulthood.
患有多种神经系统疾病（如脱髓鞘疾病）的女性中曾有不孕和生殖问题的报道。然而，此类问题的生理机制至今仍不明晰。大鼠是一种动物神经模型，最初表现为髓鞘形成不足，随后中枢神经系统会逐渐发生脱髓鞘。这种动物存在生殖问题，本研究的目的是对幼年和成年雌性大鼠卵巢中的卵泡发育、卵巢激素分泌以及去甲肾上腺素的存在情况进行表征。大鼠体重较低（比SD大鼠约轻19%），阴道开口年龄延迟4天，且发情周期不规律，某些发情周期阶段缺失或延长。在幼年阶段，我们观察到卵巢中卵泡总数减少约44%，闭锁增加15%，儿茶酚胺荧光强度降低80%，血浆睾酮浓度增加21%。在成年阶段，我们观察到卵泡囊肿，卵巢中儿茶酚胺荧光强度降低50%，卵巢激素分泌发生变化，孕酮增加20倍，雌二醇减少一半。大鼠的脱髓鞘在动物生命早期影响卵泡发育和类固醇生成，并持续至成年期。
