Department of Forensic Toxicology, Governmental Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Turmstraße 21, Berlin, Germany.
J Anal Toxicol. 2019 Mar 1;43(2):e2-e6. doi: 10.1093/jat/bky063.
Methoxetamine, 3-methoxyphencyclidine or 3-methoxyeticyclidine are arylcyclohexylamines which have been abused in the past. However, the market for new psychoactive substances, in particular for research chemicals, is rapidly growing and new compounds are being regularly explored by users. Abuse can lead to clinical case and in the worst-case scenario to fatalities. We present the fatal case of a 52-year-old man, who was found dead in the bedroom by his fiancé. He had abused N-ethyldeschloroketamine and venlafaxine prior to his death. These compounds were retrieved from a non-targeted gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-based screening approach of a purified urine sample. In addition, deschloroketamine, bisoprolol and ramiprilate were found in the urine sample, but were either absent or only present at low level in femoral blood. During autopsy a number of tablets were found in the duodenum and identified as venlafaxine. Furthermore, N-ethyldeschloroketamine was quantified in various specimens taken during autopsy and the highest concentration was observed in liver (6,137 ng/g) followed by urine (3,468 μg/L), bile fluid (3,290 μg/L), gastric contents (3,086 μg/L), heart blood (2,159 μg/L) and liquor (1,564 μg/L). The smallest amount was found in femoral blood (375 μg/L). N-ethyldeschloroketamine was also found in the disposable syringes, in a beaker and on the spatula along with deschloroketamine, morphine, metamizole, oxycodone, flupirtin or ibuprofen. The concentrations presented-in particular for femoral blood-are a good starting point for evaluating N-ethyldeschloroketamine intoxications in the future. The other values are helpful for evaluating the post-mortem concentration distribution of this research chemical.
甲氧基苯环己哌啶、3-甲氧基苯环已哌啶或 3-甲氧基乙基环已哌啶是过去被滥用过的苯环己基哌啶类药物。然而，新精神活性物质市场，特别是研究用化学品市场，正在迅速发展，用户经常探索新的化合物。滥用这些物质可能导致临床病例，在最坏的情况下甚至导致死亡。我们报告了一例 52 岁男子的致命病例，他被未婚妻发现在卧室中死亡。他在死亡前滥用了 N-乙基去甲氯胺酮和文拉法辛。这些化合物是从非靶向气相色谱/质谱筛查方法中从一个纯化尿液样本中检测到的。此外，在尿液样本中还发现了去甲氯胺酮、比索洛尔和雷米普利酸，但在股动脉血中要么不存在，要么浓度很低。尸检时在十二指肠中发现了一些片剂，鉴定为文拉法辛。此外，在尸检时采集的各种标本中都定量检测到了 N-乙基去甲氯胺酮，在肝组织中的浓度最高（6137ng/g），其次是尿液（3468μg/L）、胆汁液（3290μg/L）、胃内容物（3086μg/L）、心血（2159μg/L）和脑脊液（1564μg/L），在股动脉血中浓度最低（375μg/L）。在一次性注射器、烧杯和解剖刀上也发现了 N-乙基去甲氯胺酮，同时还发现了去甲氯胺酮、吗啡、甲灭酸、羟考酮、氟比洛芬或布洛芬。所呈现的浓度——特别是股动脉血中的浓度——为评估未来 N-乙基去甲氯胺酮中毒提供了一个良好的起点。其他值有助于评估这种研究化学品的死后浓度分布。
