Elvan Özlem, Bobuş Alev, Erdoğan Semra, Aktekin Mustafa, Olgunus Zeliha Kurtoğlu
School of Health, Mersin University, Çiftlikköy Campus, Yenişehir, 33343, Mersin, Turkey.
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2019 Feb;41(2):153-159. doi: 10.1007/s00276-018-2126-x. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
The aims of the study are to define anatomy of the facial nerve (FN) and its main trunks as well as their relationship with the posterior auricular artery in fetal period to evaluate the data for regional surgery in newborns and young infants.
Formalin-fixed 34 fetuses from anatomy laboratory collection with a mean gestational age of 26.4 ± 4.6 (20-36) weeks were dissected. Parameters regarding the presence of major or minor trunks, width, length, branching pattern of FN were evaluated according to side, gender and trimester. The positional relationship of posterior auricular artery with the FN trunk was inspected.
On all sides only the major trunk of the FN was detected. For length and width parameters, there was no statistically significant difference for side and gender except for trimester. Linear functions were found as 0.329 + 0.025 × weeks for width and 5.264 + 0.185 × weeks for length. There are statistically significant linear relationships between width and length of the FN trunk and week parameters as r = 0.507, p < 0.001 and r = 0.484, p < 0.001, respectively. Posterior auricular artery crossed FN trunk laterally in 42 of 53 sides, medially in 9 sides while it was puncturing it proximally in 2 sides. In all cases, it was in close contact to the FN trunk. FN trunk showed bifurcation in 82% and trifurcation in 18%.
Dimensions of FN trunk, growth ratio and linear functions can be beneficial in understanding the fetal growth of FN trunk and its usage for grafts. Data about the relationship of the posterior auricular artery with FN trunk may be crucial in avoiding iatrogenic injuries during surgery in early ages.
本研究的目的是明确胎儿期面神经（FN）及其主要分支的解剖结构，以及它们与耳后动脉的关系，以评估新生儿和幼儿区域手术的数据。
解剖了34例来自解剖实验室收集的福尔马林固定胎儿，平均孕周为26.4±4.6（20 - 36）周。根据侧别、性别和孕周评估FN主要或次要分支的存在、宽度、长度、分支模式等参数。检查耳后动脉与FN主干的位置关系。
所有侧别均仅检测到FN的主要分支。对于长度和宽度参数，除孕周外，侧别和性别之间无统计学显著差异。发现宽度的线性函数为0.329 + 0.025×孕周，长度的线性函数为5.264 + 0.185×孕周。FN主干的宽度和长度与孕周参数之间存在统计学显著的线性关系，r分别为0.507，p < 0.001和r为0.484，p < 0.001。耳后动脉在53侧中有42侧从外侧穿过FN主干，9侧从内侧穿过，2侧在近端穿刺FN主干。在所有情况下，它与FN主干紧密接触。FN主干82%表现为二叉分支，18%表现为三叉分支。
FN主干的尺寸、生长比例和线性函数有助于理解FN主干的胎儿生长情况及其在移植物中的应用。耳后动脉与FN主干关系的数据对于避免早期手术中的医源性损伤可能至关重要。
