Racine Julien, Vidondo Beatriz, Ramseyer Alessandra, Koch Christoph
Swiss Institute for Equine Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; ALP-Haras, Avenches, Switzerland.
Swiss Institute for Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Vet Surg. 2019 Jan;48(1):21-28. doi: 10.1111/vsu.12960. Epub 2018 Oct 27.
To describe a closed castration technique in standing equids, report associated complications, and identify potential risk factors.
Prospective cohort study of 300 standing equids that were castrated with the Henderson Equine Castrating Instrument.
Thirteen participating veterinarians recorded intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications. Descriptive statistics, univariate analyses with Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regressions were used to evaluate intraoperative difficulties and postoperative complications and to assess risk factors for postoperative complications.
Data were collected on 300 equids (269 horses, 23 ponies, and 8 donkeys). Intraoperative difficulties were experienced in 39 of 300 (13%) procedures. Postoperative complications were reported in 69 of 300 (23%) equids, including excessive swelling (29, 9.67%), surgical site infection (SSI; 27, 9%), severe hemorrhage (3, 1%), and prolapse of the omentum (2, 0.64%). Donkeys were at increased risk of severe hemorrhage (2/8, 25%, P = .0019). Equids that were castrated in a hospital setting (83/300, 27.66%) more frequently developed excessive swelling (P = .0034, odds ratio [OR] = 3.20) and SSI (P = .0047, OR = 3.18) compared with equids that were castrated in a field setting (217/300, 72.33%). Prolonging antimicrobial prophylaxis or age of the equid at the time of castration had no effect on the prevalence of excessive swelling or SSI.
The method of castration evaluated here resulted in a similar prevalence of postoperative complications to that previously reported for castrations in standing horses but fewer SSI.
The described method provides a viable option for castrating horses and ponies, but is not recommended in donkeys.
描述一种用于站立状态马属动物的封闭式去势技术，报告相关并发症，并识别潜在风险因素。
对300匹接受亨德森马用去势器械去势的站立状态马属动物进行前瞻性队列研究。
13名参与研究的兽医记录术中困难和术后并发症。采用描述性统计、Fisher精确检验的单变量分析以及逻辑回归来评估术中困难和术后并发症，并评估术后并发症的风险因素。
收集了300匹马属动物（269匹马、23匹矮种马和8头驴）的数据。300例手术中有39例（13%）出现术中困难。300匹马属动物中有69例（23%）报告了术后并发症，包括过度肿胀（29例，9.67%）、手术部位感染（27例，9%）、严重出血（3例，1%）和网膜脱垂（2例，0.64%）。驴发生严重出血的风险增加（2/8，25%，P = 0.0019）。与在野外进行去势的马属动物（217/300，72.33%）相比，在医院环境中进行去势的马属动物（83/300，27.66%）更常出现过度肿胀（P = 0.0034，优势比[OR]=3.20）和手术部位感染（P = 0.0047，OR = 3.18）。延长抗菌预防时间或去势时马属动物的年龄对过度肿胀或手术部位感染的发生率没有影响。
此处评估的去势方法导致的术后并发症发生率与先前报道的站立状态马匹去势的发生率相似，但手术部位感染较少。
所描述的方法为去势马匹和矮种马提供了一种可行的选择，但不建议用于驴。
