Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1092:189-207. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-95294-9_10.
Three-dimensional complex biomechanical interactions occur from the initial steps of tumor formation to the later phases of cancer metastasis. Conventional monolayer cultures cannot recapitulate the complex microenvironment and chemical and mechanical cues that tumor cells experience during their metastatic journey, nor the complexity of their interactions with other, noncancerous cells. As alternative approaches, various engineered models have been developed to recapitulate specific features of each step of metastasis with tunable microenvironments to test a variety of mechanistic hypotheses. Here the main recent advances in the technologies that provide deeper insight into the process of cancer dissemination are discussed, with an emphasis on three-dimensional and mechanical factors as well as interactions between multiple cell types.
从肿瘤形成的初始步骤到癌症转移的后期阶段，都会发生三维复杂的生物力学相互作用。传统的单层培养无法再现肿瘤细胞在转移过程中经历的复杂微环境以及化学和力学线索，也无法再现它们与其他非癌细胞相互作用的复杂性。作为替代方法，已经开发了各种工程模型来再现转移的每个步骤的特定特征，具有可调谐的微环境，以测试各种机械假设。本文讨论了在提供更深入了解癌症传播过程的技术方面的主要最新进展，重点介绍了三维和力学因素以及多种细胞类型之间的相互作用。
