The College of William & Mary, Department of Psychological Sciences, PO Box 8795, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
Public Health. 2018 Dec;165:82-87. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.08.008. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Parental incarceration (PI) is a prevalent adverse childhood experience (ACE) that has been linked to numerous social, emotional, and health problems in childhood and adulthood. A growing body of research has emphasized the importance of the timing of parent's incarceration on developmental outcomes.
The present study uses case-control matching to examine the impact of recent PI on newborn health and home safety outcomes.
Neonatal health and newborn sleep and home safety data, including rates of premature birth, low birth weight (LBW), neonatal intensive care unit admittance, breastfeeding initiation, safe sleep, and home environment (e.g. working smoke alarm, proper firearm storage), were collected from 108 women who completed the Virginia Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring survey. Half of these women (n = 54) had experienced the incarceration of themselves or their partner during the previous 12 months. Participants were matched by age, race, income, and the education level with those of 54 women who completed the survey and who had not experienced incarceration in the previous year.
Controlling for nicotine and alcohol consumption during pregnancy and other stressors, path analyses show that the women who experienced incarceration of themselves or their husband/partner were significantly less likely to deliver an LBW infant and more likely to live in a home with a loaded firearm in the home. No other significant differences emerged between the two matched groups among neonatal health or newborn sleep and home safety outcomes.
This result is considered from a public health perspective, as PI is an ACE which can be impacted by policy, particularly policies that promote practices that healthcare workers can use in correctional and other environments to encourage healthy pregnancies and home environments for newborns.
父母监禁（PI）是一种普遍存在的不良儿童经历（ACE），它与儿童期和成年期的许多社会、情感和健康问题有关。越来越多的研究强调了父母监禁时间对发育结果的重要性。
本研究使用病例对照匹配来研究近期 PI 对新生儿健康和家庭安全结果的影响。
从完成弗吉尼亚妊娠风险评估监测调查的 108 名女性中收集了新生儿健康和新生儿睡眠及家庭安全数据，包括早产率、低出生体重（LBW）、新生儿重症监护病房入院率、母乳喂养开始率、安全睡眠和家庭环境（如工作烟雾报警器、适当的枪支储存）。这些女性中有一半（n=54）在过去 12 个月中经历过自己或伴侣的监禁。通过年龄、种族、收入和教育水平与另外 54 名完成调查且在过去一年中未经历监禁的女性进行匹配。
在控制怀孕期间尼古丁和酒精的消费以及其他压力源的情况下，路径分析表明，经历过自己或丈夫/伴侣监禁的女性，生下 LBW 婴儿的可能性显著降低，而家中有枪支的可能性显著增加。在新生儿健康或新生儿睡眠和家庭安全结果方面，两组匹配女性之间没有出现其他显著差异。
从公共卫生的角度来看，这一结果是可以被干预的，因为 PI 是一种 ACE，可以通过政策来改变，特别是那些促进医疗保健工作者在监狱和其他环境中使用的实践的政策，可以鼓励孕妇和新生儿的家庭环境健康。
