Department of Agronomy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
Department of Forest Engineering, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Jan 30;168:177-183. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.10.021. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
Herbicide wastes from agriculture areas can contaminate water resources and affect non-target organisms. Since herbicides reach groundwater and rivers, these residues can damage the aquatic ecosystem. Hexazinone is an herbicide widely used in sugarcane cultivation and has a potential to contaminate water resources. Therefore, studies are necessary to know the possible damages of this herbicide on aquatic organisms, as well as the behavior of this pesticide in those systems. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the sensitivity of the macrophytes Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes to hexazinone, as well as the dissipation of these pesticides. The variables intoxication, fresh matter accumulation, and leaf anatomy were used to evaluate the sensitivity of the macrophytes to hexazinone. The hexazinone concentration in water was performed by HPLC-MS. Hexazinone concentrations equivalent to 111 and 333 μg L were toxic to the macrophytes. Pistia stratiotes produced less fresh matter production than Eichhornia crassipes when exposed to the hexazinone. The hexazinone application did not change the adaxial epidermic (EAD), abaxial epidermic (EAB), palisade parenchyma (PP), aerenchyma (AER) and leaf blade (LAF) of Pistia stratiotes at any concentration tested. Concentrations equivalent to 333 μg L changed the PP and LAF of Eichhornia crassipes. The presence of this herbicide in water negatively affects the fresh matter accumulation and leaf structure of the Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes, respectively. The presence of these macrophytes delayed the dissipation of hexazinone due to them impair other pathways of degradation of this herbicide in aquatic environments. The presence of this herbicide in water negatively affects the growth and development of the Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes.
农业除草剂废物可能会污染水资源并影响非目标生物。由于除草剂会到达地下水和河流，这些残留物质可能会破坏水生生态系统。六嗪酮是一种广泛用于甘蔗种植的除草剂，有污染水资源的潜力。因此，有必要研究这种除草剂对水生生物的可能危害，以及这种农药在这些系统中的行为。在这项研究中，我们的目的是评估大型水生植物凤眼蓝和水葫芦对六嗪酮的敏感性，以及这些农药的消解情况。使用中毒、新鲜物质积累和叶片解剖学等变量来评估大型水生植物对六嗪酮的敏感性。使用 HPLC-MS 测定水中的六嗪酮浓度。浓度相当于 111 和 333 μg/L 的六嗪酮对大型水生植物有毒。暴露于六嗪酮时，凤眼蓝的鲜物质产量低于水葫芦。六嗪酮的应用并未改变任何测试浓度下水生植物凤眼蓝的叶表皮(EAD)、叶表皮(EAB)、栅栏薄壁组织(PP)、通气组织(AER)和叶片(LAF)。浓度相当于 333 μg/L 的六嗪酮改变了水葫芦的 PP 和 LAF。水中存在这种除草剂会分别对凤眼蓝和水葫芦的鲜物质积累和叶片结构产生负面影响。这些大型水生植物的存在会延迟六嗪酮的消解，因为它们会干扰这种除草剂在水生环境中其他降解途径。水中存在这种除草剂会对凤眼蓝和水葫芦的生长和发育产生负面影响。
