老年患者的术前管理：衰弱与认知障碍评估

Preoperative Management of the Geriatric Patient: Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Assessment.

作者信息

Dalton Allison, Zafirova Zdravka

机构信息

Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, 5041 South Maryland Avenue, MC 4028, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

Section Critical Care, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital System, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Box 1028, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.

出版信息

Anesthesiol Clin. 2018 Dec;36(4):599-614. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2018.07.008. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.anclin.2018.07.008

PMID:30390781

Abstract

As the population ages, more geriatric patients will be presenting for surgical procedures. Preoperative evaluation seeks to assess patients for geriatric syndromes: frailty, sarcopenia, functional dependence, and malnutrition. Age-related changes in physiology increase risk for central nervous system, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and endocrine morbidity and mortality. Identification of various comorbidities allows for preoperative optimization and for opportunities for intervention including nutritional supplementation and prehabilitation, which may improve postoperative outcomes.

摘要

随着人口老龄化，将会有更多老年患者接受外科手术。术前评估旨在评估患者是否患有老年综合征：衰弱、肌肉减少症、功能依赖和营养不良。与年龄相关的生理变化会增加中枢神经系统、心血管、肺、肾、肝和内分泌系统发病和死亡的风险。识别各种合并症有助于术前优化以及进行干预，包括营养补充和术前康复，这可能会改善术后结果。