Wubet Habtie Bantider, Gobezie Negesse Zurbachew, Diress Getachew Mekete, Belete Kumlachew Geta, Mossie Kaletsidk Desalegn, Mekuriaw Begizew Yimenu, Fenta Abebe Dires, Mebratie Alemie Fentie, Setargew Kidist Hunegn, Asmare Temesgen Birlie
Department of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
BMC Geriatr. 2025 Jul 29;25(1):555. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-06182-3.
Elderly surgical patients frequently experience anemia due to physiological changes, chronic comorbidities, and dietary deficiencies. Identifying associated risk factors is essential for improving surgical outcomes and reducing complications.
To assess the incidence and determinants of anemia in elderly surgical patients at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Ethiopia.
A prospective observational study was conducted from June 1, 2024, to February 30, 2025, involving elderly patients undergoing surgery at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Anemia was diagnosed based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, with hemoglobin levels assessed both preoperatively and postoperatively. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze patient demographics, comorbidities, and surgical factors to identify predictors of anemia.
The incidence of anemia among elderly surgical patients was 64.8% (95% CI: 59.5-70.4%). Significant predictors included emergency surgery (AOR: 5.3, 95% CI: 3.2-8.3, p < 0.001), preexisting comorbidities (AOR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.52-7.02, p < 0.001), blood loss > 500 mL (AOR: 9.8, 95% CI: 3.2-29.6, p < 0.001), polypharmacy (AOR: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.3-11.9, p < 0.001), major surgery (AOR: 3.9, 95% CI: 1.71-7.81, p < 0.001), and a history of previous surgeries (AOR: 7.7, 95% CI: 2.3-26.0, p < 0.001).
The incidence of anemia in elderly surgical patients at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital is high and associated with several modifiable risk factors. Early detection and targeted preoperative optimization strategies are crucial for improving surgical outcomes in this population.
老年外科患者常因生理变化、慢性合并症和饮食缺乏而出现贫血。识别相关危险因素对于改善手术结果和减少并发症至关重要。
评估埃塞俄比亚德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院老年外科患者贫血的发生率及其决定因素。
于2024年6月1日至2025年2月30日进行了一项前瞻性观察性研究，纳入在德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院接受手术治疗的老年患者。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）标准诊断贫血，术前和术后均评估血红蛋白水平。采用多变量逻辑回归分析患者人口统计学、合并症和手术因素，以确定贫血的预测因素。
老年外科患者贫血发生率为64.8%（95%置信区间：59.5 - 70.4%）。显著的预测因素包括急诊手术（调整后比值比[AOR]：5.3，95%置信区间：3.2 - 8.3，p < 0.001）、既往合并症（AOR：2.5，95%置信区间：1.52 - 7.02，p < 0.001）、失血>500 mL（AOR：9.8，95%置信区间：3.2 - 29.6，p < 0.001）、多种药物联用（AOR：4.8，95%置信区间：1.3 - 11.9，p < 0.001）、大手术（AOR：3.9，95%置信区间：1.71 - 7.81，p < 0.001）以及既往手术史（AOR：7.7，95%置信区间：2.3 - 26.0，p < 0.001）。
德布雷塔博尔综合专科医院老年外科患者贫血发生率较高，且与多种可改变的危险因素相关。早期检测和有针对性的术前优化策略对于改善该人群的手术结果至关重要。
