Hansen Per Morten, Gaathaug André Vagner, Bjerketvedt Dag, Vaagsaether Knut
University of South-Eastern Norway, Kjolnes ring 56, 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway.
University of South-Eastern Norway, Kjolnes ring 56, 3918 Porsgrunn, Norway.
J Hazard Mater. 2019 Mar 5;365:16-25. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.10.092. Epub 2018 Nov 1.
This study discusses the rapid expansion and phase transition of liquefied carbon dioxide (CO) in vertical ducts. Results from small-scale experiments in three test setups (A, B, and C) were compared with a Rankine-Hugoniot model that treats the phase transition as an adiabatic evaporation wave of constant thickness. The model calculates the fluid properties behind the evaporation wave. The motivation was to identify hazards and quantify the energy-release in tank explosions such as a boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion. The experimental results corresponded with a Chapman Jouguet (CJ) solution. The contributions include a mapping of CJ solutions calculated from a range of pre-rupture conditions. The puncture of a diaphragm (setup A, and B), or complete test section rupture (setup C) initiated the tests. The three test setups provided a range of pressures for the model. Evaporation waves were observed, propagating with velocities of 35-42 ms (setup A, and B), and ∼ 10 ms (setup C) into the superheated liquid. The calculated vapor mass fraction behind of the evaporation wave was in the range 0.21-0.23. The study presents a strategy, which incorporates the calculated vapor mass fraction, to predict the energy released in a tank explosion.
本研究探讨了垂直管道中液化二氧化碳（CO）的快速膨胀和相变。在三种试验装置（A、B和C）中进行的小规模实验结果与兰金-于戈尼奥模型进行了比较，该模型将相变视为具有恒定厚度的绝热蒸发波。该模型计算蒸发波后的流体特性。其目的是识别危险并量化罐式爆炸（如沸腾液体膨胀蒸汽爆炸）中的能量释放。实验结果与查普曼-儒盖（CJ）解相符。研究成果包括绘制了根据一系列破裂前条件计算出的CJ解。隔膜穿孔（装置A和B）或试验段完全破裂（装置C）启动了试验。这三种试验装置为模型提供了一系列压力。观察到蒸发波以35 - 42米/秒的速度（装置A和B）以及约10米/秒的速度（装置C）传播到过热液体中。计算出的蒸发波后的蒸汽质量分数在0.21 - 0.23范围内。该研究提出了一种策略，该策略结合计算出的蒸汽质量分数来预测罐式爆炸中释放的能量。
