The effect of detergents on bovine cytochrome c oxidase: a kinetic approach.

(1) Investigation of the relationship between the detergent concentration and steady-state and pre-steady-state kinetics of cytochrome c oxidase proved to be a valid approach in the study of protein-detergent interaction. (2) Laurylmaltoside, sodium cholate and Triton X-100 influenced the kinetics of cytochrome c oxidase cooperatively at detergent concentrations near their critical micelle concentration. This mode of interaction reflects disaggregation of the oxidase as a result of cooperative binding of the detergent. (3) Addition of increasing concentrations of Tween-80 to the aggregated enzyme caused a more gradual decrease in aggregation of the oxidase, which did not result in a change in activity of the enzyme. This suggests that aggregation of cytochrome c oxidase occurs in a highly regular manner in which no catalytic sites are shielded off. (4) Oxidase aggregates present at detergent concentrations below the critical micelle concentration of laurylmaltoside and Triton X-100 showed considerable activity. Their kinetics were equal to those of the oxidase in Tween-80, suggesting that the protein molecules are aligned in a similar way in all oligomers. Aggregates present in low concentrations of sodium cholate showed turnover rates that were twice as low as those observed with other aggregates. (5) Solubilisation of the oxidase by sodium cholate or Triton X-100 resulted in almost complete inhibition of enzymic activity, whereas the association rate of ferrocytochrome c was almost equal to that found for monomeric oxidase in laurylmaltoside. These results are in agreement with a mixed-type inhibition.