Department of Developmental Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri i Reixac 20, Barcelona 08028, Spain
Department of Developmental Biology, Instituto de Biología Molecular de Barcelona, Parc Científic de Barcelona, Baldiri i Reixac 20, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
Development. 2018 Nov 6;145(21):dev170613. doi: 10.1242/dev.170613.
Embryonic development of the central nervous system (CNS) requires the proliferation of neural progenitor cells to be tightly regulated, allowing the formation of an organ with the right size and shape. This includes regulation of both the spatial distribution of mitosis and the mode of cell division. The centrosome, which is the main microtubule-organizing centre of animal cells, contributes to both of these processes. Here, we discuss the impact that centrosome-mediated control of cell division has on the shape of the overall growing CNS. We also review the intrinsic properties of the centrosome, both in terms of its molecular composition and its signalling capabilities, and discuss the fascinating notion that intrinsic centrosomal asymmetries in dividing neural progenitor cells are instructive for neurogenesis. Finally, we discuss the genetic links between centrosome dysfunction during development and the aetiology of microcephaly.
中枢神经系统（CNS）的胚胎发育需要严格调控神经祖细胞的增殖，以形成具有适当大小和形状的器官。这包括调节有丝分裂的空间分布和细胞分裂的方式。中心体是动物细胞的主要微管组织中心，它对这两个过程都有贡献。在这里，我们讨论了中心体介导的细胞分裂控制对整个生长中的 CNS 形状的影响。我们还回顾了中心体的内在特性，包括其分子组成和信号转导能力，并讨论了一个有趣的观点，即分裂神经祖细胞中的内在中心体不对称性对神经发生具有指导作用。最后，我们讨论了发育过程中中心体功能障碍与小头畸形病因之间的遗传联系。
