School for Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
Adv Mater. 2019 Jan;31(1):e1803895. doi: 10.1002/adma.201803895. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
Despite incremental improvements in the field of tissue engineering, no technology is currently available for producing completely autologous implants where both the cells and the scaffolding material are generated from the patient, and thus do not provoke an immune response that may lead to implant rejection. Here, a new approach is introduced to efficiently engineer any tissue type, which its differentiation cues are known, from one small tissue biopsy. Pieces of omental tissues are extracted from patients and, while the cells are reprogrammed to become induced pluripotent stem cells, the extracellular matrix is processed into an immunologically matching, thermoresponsive hydrogel. Efficient cell differentiation within a large 3D hydrogel is reported, and, as a proof of concept, the generation of functional cardiac, cortical, spinal cord, and adipogenic tissue implants is demonstrated. This versatile bioengineering approach may assist to regenerate any tissue and organ with a minimal risk for immune rejection.
尽管组织工程领域取得了渐进式的进展，但目前尚无技术能够生产完全自体的植入物，即细胞和支架材料均来自患者，从而不会引发可能导致植入物排斥的免疫反应。在这里，引入了一种新方法，可以从一小块组织活检中有效地构建任何已知分化信号的组织类型。从患者身上提取网膜组织的小块，在细胞被重编程为诱导多能干细胞的同时，细胞外基质被加工成具有免疫相容性的温敏水凝胶。据报道，在大型 3D 水凝胶内实现了高效的细胞分化，并且作为概念验证，生成了功能性心脏、皮质、脊髓和脂肪组织植入物。这种多功能的生物工程方法可以帮助最小化免疫排斥风险，再生任何组织和器官。
