a Illinois Circuit Court of Cook County , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
b Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , Illinois , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2019;54(1):57-64. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2018.1491054. Epub 2018 Nov 8.
More than half of prisoners in the United States are estimated to suffer from a substance use disorder. Mindfulness involves attention to the present moment, and nonjudgmental acceptance of sensations, thoughts, and emotional states. Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) following substance use disorder treatment has been shown to reduce substance use.
We sought to adapt and test MBRP for a jail substance use disorder treatment setting.
We enrolled successive cohorts of incarcerated men participating in a drug treatment program in a large urban jail (n = 189) into six weekly sessions of either MBRP or an comparison communication skills intervention, between 2013 and 2015. MBRP was delivered by a culturally competent African-American trainer. Pre- and post-test measures included mindfulness, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and drug craving.
At baseline, measures of mindfulness were significantly inversely correlated with anxiety, PTSD symptoms and drug cravings. Anxiety, PTSD symptoms and cravings declined significantly in both treatment arms, and mindfulness increased. Comparison of the two study arms using maximum likelihood estimation suggested a small but significantly greater increase in mindfulness in the treatment arm. Conclusions/Importance. An attention control trial of a mindfulness intervention, delivered by a culturally competent trainer, is feasible in a jail setting.
据估计，超过一半的美国囚犯患有物质使用障碍。正念包括对当下的关注，以及对感觉、想法和情绪状态的非评判性接受。在物质使用障碍治疗后进行基于正念的复发预防（MBRP）已被证明可以减少物质使用。
我们试图改编并在监狱物质使用障碍治疗环境中测试 MBRP。
我们在 2013 年至 2015 年期间，将连续的囚犯队列纳入一项大型城市监狱药物治疗计划中的六次每周 MBRP 或比较沟通技巧干预治疗，参与者为患有物质使用障碍的男性。MBRP 由具有文化能力的非裔美国培训师提供。在预测试和后测试中，测量了正念、焦虑、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和药物渴求。
在基线时，正念测量与焦虑、PTSD 症状和药物渴求呈显著负相关。在两个治疗组中，焦虑、PTSD 症状和渴望都明显下降，而正念则增加。使用最大似然估计对两个研究组进行比较表明，在治疗组中，正念的增加幅度虽小但具有统计学意义。结论/重要性。在监狱环境中，对由具有文化能力的培训师提供的正念干预进行注意力控制试验是可行的。
