Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (Shanghai University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200444, China.
Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (Shanghai University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200444, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 25;653:475-484. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.391. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
The characteristics of regional environmental pollution of short- and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs and MCCPs) in river system from Shanghai were comprehensively investigated in this study for the first time. The total concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs ranged from 15.0 to 1640 ng L (median: 278 ng L) and 40.3 to 3870 ng L (median: 939 ng L) in water, and from not detected (ND) to 2020 ng g (median: 89.3 ng g) and 10.1 to 10,800 ng g (median: 947 ng g) in sediments, respectively. The higher levels of SCCPs and MCCPs were found in water from Jinhui and Yexie rivers, and in sediments from Huangpu River, respectively. The concentrations of MCCPs were higher than those of SCCPs in both water and sediments, suggesting that the river system was mainly contaminated by MCCPs. Compared with other areas around the world, the concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs were at medium to high levels in water and sediments. Factor analysis results revealed that SCCPs and MCCPs had different sources in both water and sediments. The log K values of CPs were significantly correlated with carbon chain lengths (p < 0.01), but not with chlorine number for both SCCPs and MCCPs (p > 0.05). A significant second-order polynomial relationship was observed between log K values and molecular weights of homologue groups of SCCPs (p < 0.001) and MCCPs (p < 0.01), respectively. SCCPs in water posed a low ecological risk at all sampling sites, and MCCPs in water posed a moderate ecological risk to aquatic life at nearly a fifth of sampling sites. SCCPs and MCCPs in sediments posed a low ecological risk to sediment dwelling organisms at most sampling sites.
本研究首次全面调查了上海市河流水系中短链氯化石蜡（SCCPs 和 MCCPs）的区域环境污染特征。水中 SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的总浓度范围为 15.0 至 1640ng/L（中位数：278ng/L）和 40.3 至 3870ng/L（中位数：939ng/L），沉积物中的浓度范围为未检出（ND）至 2020ng/g（中位数：89.3ng/g）和 10.1 至 10800ng/g（中位数：947ng/g）。金汇河和叶榭河的水中以及黄埔河的沉积物中 SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的浓度较高。水中的 MCCPs 浓度高于 SCCPs，表明河流水系主要受到 MCCPs 的污染。与世界其他地区相比，SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的浓度在水中和沉积物中均处于中高水平。因子分析结果表明，SCCPs 和 MCCPs 在水中和沉积物中的来源不同。SCCPs 和 MCCPs 的 log K 值与碳链长度呈显著相关（p<0.01），但与氯原子数无关（p>0.05）。SCCPs 同系物组的 log K 值与分子量之间存在显著的二次多项式关系（p<0.001），MCCPs 同系物组的 log K 值与分子量之间也存在显著的二次多项式关系（p<0.01）。所有采样点的水中 SCCPs 对生态的风险都较低，近五分之一采样点的水中 MCCPs 对水生生物的生态风险为中度。大多数采样点的沉积物中的 SCCPs 和 MCCPs 对底栖生物的生态风险较低。
