Santiago-Rodríguez Efraín, Estrada-Zaldívar Brenda, Zaldívar-Uribe Elba
Diagnóstico, Tratamiento e Investigación Neurológica, S. C. Querétaro, Querétaro 76177, México.
Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76000, México.
Foods. 2018 Nov 8;7(11):187. doi: 10.3390/foods7110187.
Dark chocolate is rich in flavonoids that can have effects on body composition and cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of acute and subchronic chocolate intake on electrical brain oscillations. A study with 20 healthy subjects (mean age of 24.15 years) and a control group with five subjects (mean age of 23.2 years) was carried out. In the acute effect study, the subjects' intake was dark chocolate (103.72 mg/kg of body weight) rich in flavonoids and low in calories as in fasting. In the control group, the subjects intake was only low-calorie milk. For the subchronic effect, a daily dose of dark chocolate was given for eight days. The baseline electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded before dark chocolate intake; at 30 min, the second EEG was carried out; on the eighth day, the third and fourth EEGs were performed before and after the last intake. In acute and subchronic intake, Delta Absolute Power (AP) decrease was observed in most brain regions ( < 0.05), except in the right fronto-centro-temporal regions. In the Theta band, there was a generalized decrease of the AP of predominance in the left fronto-centro-temporal regions. In contrast, an increase in AP was observed in the temporo-occipital regions in the Alpha band, and in the right temporal and parieto-occipital regions in the Beta band. The control group did not have significant changes in brain oscillations ( > 0.05). We concluded that acute and subchronic chocolate intake decreased the Delta and Theta AP and increased Alpha and Beta AP in most brain regions.
黑巧克力富含类黄酮，对身体成分和认知表现会产生影响。本研究旨在分析急性和亚慢性摄入巧克力对脑电振荡的影响。研究选取了20名健康受试者（平均年龄24.15岁）和一个由5名受试者组成的对照组（平均年龄23.2岁）。在急性效应研究中，受试者摄入的是富含类黄酮且热量低的黑巧克力（103.72毫克/千克体重），类似于禁食时的情况。在对照组中，受试者仅摄入低热量牛奶。对于亚慢性效应，连续八天给予每日剂量的黑巧克力。在摄入黑巧克力前记录基线脑电图（EEG）；30分钟后进行第二次EEG记录；在第八天，在最后一次摄入前后分别进行第三次和第四次EEG记录。在急性和亚慢性摄入中，除右侧额中央颞区外，大多数脑区的δ绝对功率（AP）均下降（<0.05）。在θ波段，左侧额中央颞区优势AP普遍下降。相比之下，在α波段的颞枕区以及β波段的右侧颞区和顶枕区观察到AP增加。对照组的脑振荡没有显著变化（>0.05）。我们得出结论，急性和亚慢性摄入巧克力会使大多数脑区的δ和θ AP降低，α和β AP增加。
