Atak Ibrahim
Department of General Surgery, Ali Osman Sönmez Oncology Hospital, Bursa, Turkey.
Prague Med Rep. 2018;119(2-3):97-106. doi: 10.14712/23362936.2018.9.
Malignant melanomas are rare aggressive tumours originating from the pigment-producing melanocytes. In our study, a review of the literature and a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing surgery at our clinic due to anorectal malignant melanoma were performed. The information of 6 patients undergoing surgery in our clinic due to anorectal malignant melanoma between January 2010 and January 2018 was retrieved retrospectively. The patients were assessed regarding demographic data, physical examination and imaging findings, the surgical method performed, postoperative complication, histopathological findings, oncological treatment and follow-up results. Four of the patients were female and 2 were male and the mean age was 61.6 (46-83) years. Two patients (33%) had liver metastases at the time of initial presentation. Abdominoperineal resection (APR) was performed in all patients 3 with laparoscopic method. The mean length of hospital stay was recorded to be 6.5 ± 1 days (5-12 days). Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were administered in all patients. Also, interferon treatment was administered in one patient additionally. During the follow-up, 4 patients died due to extensive metastatic disease determined approximately in the 13th month. Two patients with regular follow-up are well and free of disease and their mean postoperative lifetime has been determined to be 12.5 months (6-26 months). Anorectal malignant melanomas (ARMM) are rare but aggressive tumours. The treatment should be focused on minimizing morbidity and maximizing the quality of life and function while removing the gross tumour.
恶性黑色素瘤是起源于产生色素的黑素细胞的罕见侵袭性肿瘤。在我们的研究中，我们对文献进行了综述，并对因肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤在我们诊所接受手术的患者进行了回顾性分析。回顾性检索了2010年1月至2018年1月期间在我们诊所因肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤接受手术的6例患者的信息。对患者的人口统计学数据、体格检查和影像学检查结果、所采用的手术方法、术后并发症、组织病理学检查结果、肿瘤治疗及随访结果进行了评估。患者中4例为女性，2例为男性，平均年龄为61.6（46 - 83）岁。2例患者（33%）在初次就诊时已有肝转移。所有患者均采用腹腔镜方法行腹会阴联合切除术（APR）。记录平均住院时间为6.5±1天（5 - 12天）。所有患者均接受了辅助化疗和放疗。另外，1例患者还接受了干扰素治疗。在随访期间，4例患者因约在第13个月时发现的广泛转移性疾病死亡。2例接受定期随访的患者情况良好，无疾病复发，其术后平均生存时间为12.5个月（6 - 26个月）。肛管直肠恶性黑色素瘤（ARMM）罕见但具有侵袭性。治疗应着重于在切除肉眼可见肿瘤的同时，尽量降低发病率并最大化生活质量和功能。
