晚期早产儿或早期足月产儿的成人期结局——我们了解多少？

Adult outcomes of being born late preterm or early term - What do we know?

机构信息

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Promotion Unit, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland; PEDEGO Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.

National Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Promotion Unit, Helsinki, Oulu, Finland; Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Clinical Genetics, HUSLAB, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

出版信息

Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2019 Feb;24(1):66-83. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2018.11.001. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.siny.2018.11.001

PMID:30420114

Abstract

The literature on adult outcomes of people born late preterm (LPT, 34-36 completed weeks) or early term (ET, 37-38 weeks) was reviewed. In PubMed, 9547 articles were identified; 53 were eligible. Of these, 12 were based on clinical cohorts, 32 on medical birth register linkages, and nine on historical birth cohorts; 48 out of 53 on Nordic countries; 50 out of 53 reported on LPT and eight out of 53 reported on ET. LPT plus ET have increased early (<45 years) adult all-cause mortality. Despite increased cardiometabolic risk factors and slightly lower cardiorespiratory fitness in LPT, no studies showed increased risk for coronary heart disease, some showed increased risk for stroke, and all showed increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Most show increased risk for asthma and decreased allergic rhinitis. LPT have slightly lower cognitive abilities and higher rates of several mental disorders; ET have intermediate values. LPT and ET adults have slightly lower education, occupational status, and income. We recommend that authors report findings of LPT/ET separately from those born more preterm.

摘要

对晚早产儿（LPT，34-36 周完成）或早期足月产儿（ET，37-38 周）的成人结局的文献进行了回顾。在 PubMed 中，共确定了 9547 篇文章，其中 53 篇符合条件。其中，12 篇基于临床队列，32 篇基于医疗出生登记链接，9 篇基于历史出生队列；48 篇来自北欧国家，53 篇报道了 LPT，8 篇报道了 ET。LPT 和 ET 使早期（<45 岁）成人全因死亡率增加。尽管 LPT 存在更多的心血管代谢危险因素和稍低的心肺适应能力，但没有研究表明其冠心病风险增加，一些研究表明其中风风险增加，所有研究都表明其 2 型糖尿病风险增加。大多数研究表明 LPT 发生哮喘的风险增加，变应性鼻炎的风险降低。LPT 的认知能力略低，且多种精神障碍的发病率较高；ET 处于中间水平。LPT 和 ET 成人的受教育程度、职业地位和收入略低。我们建议作者将 LPT/ET 的发现与那些更早出生的早产儿分别报告。