Kuwahara Kosuke, Hikosaka Makoto, Kaneko Tsuyoshi, Takamatsu Ako, Nakajima Yukari, Ogawa Rei, Miyazaki Osamu, Nosaka Shunsuke
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, National Center for Child Health and Development.
Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School.
J Craniofac Surg. 2019 Jan;30(1):33-38. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000004893.
Data on cranial morphology of healthy individuals can be used as the guide in the treatment of cranial deformity. There are many reports analyzing the cranial morphology of healthy children in the past. But most of them focus on 2-dimensional values, and there are only a few reports, which analyzed the cranial morphology of Japanese healthy infants. We report a novel method that enables the comprehensive analysis of cranial morphology of Japanese healthy infants in 3D.
Craniofacial CT data of 20 healthy infants (9 males, 11 females) ranging in age from 1 to 11 months were collected. Based on the CT data, we created 20 homologous models of cranium using software specifically designed to support homologous modeling. We averaged vertex coordinates of the homologous models to create average model. We further performed principal component analysis, and created virtual models based on each principal component. The contribution rate was calculated, and the features described by each principal component were interpreted.
We created the average cranial model of Japanese healthy infants. Seven principal components (cumulative contribution rate: 89.218%) were interpreted as to which part of the cranial shape each component was related to. The elements were extracted that may characterize the cranial morphology of some of the clinical conditions such as dolico/brachycephaly and deformational plagiocephaly. Some of these elements have not been mentioned in the past literature.
Homologous modeling was considered to be valid and strong tool for comprehensive analysis of cranial morphology.
健康个体的颅骨形态数据可作为颅骨畸形治疗的指导。过去有许多分析健康儿童颅骨形态的报告。但其中大多数关注二维数值，仅有少数报告分析了日本健康婴儿的颅骨形态。我们报告一种能够对日本健康婴儿颅骨形态进行三维综合分析的新方法。
收集了20名年龄在1至11个月的健康婴儿（9名男性，11名女性）的颅面CT数据。基于这些CT数据，我们使用专门支持同源建模的软件创建了20个颅骨同源模型。我们对同源模型的顶点坐标求平均值以创建平均模型。我们进一步进行主成分分析，并基于每个主成分创建虚拟模型。计算贡献率，并解释每个主成分所描述的特征。
我们创建了日本健康婴儿的平均颅骨模型。七个主成分（累积贡献率：89.218%）被解释为每个成分与颅骨形状的哪一部分相关。提取了一些可能表征某些临床情况（如长头/短头畸形和变形性斜头畸形）颅骨形态的元素。其中一些元素在过去的文献中未曾提及。
同源建模被认为是颅骨形态综合分析的有效且强大的工具。
