Espitia-Pérez Lyda, da Silva Juliana, Brango Hugo, Espitia-Pérez Pedro, Pastor-Sierra Karina, Salcedo-Arteaga Shirley, de Souza Claudia T, Dias Johnny F, Hoyos-Giraldo Luz Stella, Gómez-Pérez Miguel, Salcedo-Restrepo Daniela, Henriques João A P
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Laboratorio de Investigación Biomédica y Biología Molecular, Universidad del Sinú, Montería, Córdoba, Colombia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular (PPGBCM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, ULBRA, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2018 Dec;836(Pt B):24-35. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 4.
DNA and chromosomal damage in individuals occupationally exposed to coal mining residues have repeatedly been reported in lymphocytes and epithelial cells, suggesting a systemic exposure-response in which generation of oxidative damage may play a major role. Nevertheless, the understanding of this mechanism is still incomplete, particularly in regard to environmental exposures. This study aimed to evaluate DNA damage using the cytome assay (BMN-cyt) in buccal cells and its relation to primary and oxidative DNA damage in lymphocytes, assessed by the high-throughput alkaline and modified (FPG-ENDO III) Comet assay in individuals with environmental exposure to coal mining residues in northern Colombia. Considering metals from coal mining activities as the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the concentrations of inorganic elements in blood samples was also assessed. The analysis revealed that frequencies of BMN-cyt parameters related to DNA damage (micronuclei), cytokinesis (binucleated cells) and cell death (condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, pyknosis and karyolysis) were significantly higher in individuals that were environmentally exposed to coal compared to the unexposed group. The level of % Tail DNA in the alkaline and the modified Comet assay was 4.0 and 4.3 times higher among exposed individuals than in unexposed controls respectively. Increased MN frequencies in buccal cells were correlated with increased %Tail DNA in alkaline and FPG Comet assay. Additionally, exposed individuals had higher concentrations of Cr, Ni, Mn, and Br in the blood compared to unexposed controls. %Tail DNA in alkaline Comet assay was highly correlated with Al, Mn, and Br concentrations, while %Tail DNA in the FPG Comet assay correlated with Mn levels. These results suggest that oxidative damage, particularly purine oxidation, may play an essential role in DNA damage in individuals exposed to coal residues and that some inorganic elements are related to this effect.
职业接触煤矿开采残留物的个体中，淋巴细胞和上皮细胞的DNA及染色体损伤已被多次报道，这表明存在一种全身性暴露-反应关系，其中氧化损伤的产生可能起主要作用。然而，对这一机制的理解仍不完整，尤其是在环境暴露方面。本研究旨在使用口腔细胞中的细胞微核试验（BMN-cyt）评估DNA损伤，并探讨其与淋巴细胞中原发性和氧化性DNA损伤的关系，通过高通量碱性彗星试验和改良（FPG-ENDO III）彗星试验对哥伦比亚北部环境暴露于煤矿开采残留物的个体进行评估。考虑到煤矿开采活动中的金属是活性氧（ROS）产生的主要来源，还评估了血样中无机元素的浓度。分析显示，与未暴露组相比，环境暴露于煤炭的个体中，与DNA损伤（微核）、胞质分裂（双核细胞）和细胞死亡（染色质浓缩、核溶解、核固缩和核溶解）相关的BMN-cyt参数频率显著更高。暴露个体的碱性彗星试验和改良彗星试验中的%尾DNA水平分别比未暴露对照组高4.0倍和4.3倍。口腔细胞中微核频率的增加与碱性彗星试验和FPG彗星试验中%尾DNA的增加相关。此外，与未暴露对照组相比，暴露个体血液中的铬、镍、锰和溴浓度更高。碱性彗星试验中的%尾DNA与铝、锰和溴浓度高度相关，而FPG彗星试验中的%尾DNA与锰水平相关。这些结果表明，氧化损伤，尤其是嘌呤氧化，可能在暴露于煤渣的个体的DNA损伤中起重要作用，并且一些无机元素与这种效应有关。
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