Lyu Zhiqian, Huang Bingbing, Li Zhongchao, Wang Zhenyu, Chen Yifan, Zhang Shuai, Lai Changhua
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture Feed Industry Centre, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Anim Sci J. 2019 Jan;90(1):98-107. doi: 10.1111/asj.13124. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
The objectives of this experiment were to (a) determine the effects of fiber increase in diets on heat production (HP), (b) determine the net energy (NE) of oat bran (OB), wheat bran (WB), and palm kernel expellers (PKE) fed to growing pigs using indirect calorimetry (IC). Twenty-four growing barrows (29.2 ± 2.6 kg) were randomly allotted to one of four diets with six replicate pigs per diet. Diets included a corn-soybean meal basal diet and three test diets containing 30% OB, WB or PKE, respectively. During each period, pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 20 days, including 14 days to adapt to the diets. On day (d) 15, pigs were transferred to the open-circuit respiration chambers for determination of daily total HP and were fed one of the four diets at 2.3MJ ME/kg body weight (BW) /day. Total feces and urine were collected for the determination of digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) and daily total HP was measured from d 15 to d 19 and fasted on day 20 for the measurement of fasting heat production (FHP). The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), and organic matter (OM) were greater (p < 0.01) in pigs fed the basal diet compared with those fed the test diets. The ATTD of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was lower (p < 0.01) in pigs fed the WB diet compared with those fed the basal, OB, or PKE diets. The ATTD of ether extract (EE) in pigs fed the PKE diet was greater (p < 0.01) compared with those fed the other diets. The average total HP and FHP in pigs fed the four diets were 1261 and 787 kJ/kg BW /d, respectively, and were not significantly affected by diet characteristics. The NE:ME ratio for diets ranged from 78.1 to 80.9%. The NE contents of OB, WB, and PKE were 10.93, 7.47, and 8.71 MJ/kg DM, respectively.
(a) 确定日粮中纤维增加对产热 (HP) 的影响；(b) 使用间接测热法 (IC) 测定饲喂生长猪的燕麦麸 (OB)、小麦麸 (WB) 和棕榈仁粕 (PKE) 的净能 (NE)。24 头生长公猪（体重 29.2 ± 2.6 kg）被随机分配到四种日粮中的一种，每种日粮有 6 头重复猪。日粮包括玉米 - 豆粕基础日粮和三种试验日粮，分别含有 30% 的 OB、WB 或 PKE。在每个阶段，猪被单独饲养在代谢笼中 20 天，包括 14 天适应日粮的时间。在第 15 天，猪被转移到开路呼吸室以测定每日总产热，并以 2.3 MJ 代谢能/kg 体重 (BW)/天的量饲喂四种日粮中的一种。收集全部粪便和尿液以测定消化能 (DE) 和代谢能 (ME)，并在第 15 天至第 19 天测量每日总产热，在第 20 天禁食以测量空腹产热 (FHP)。与饲喂试验日粮的猪相比，饲喂基础日粮的猪干物质 (DM)、总能 (GE) 和有机物 (OM) 的表观全肠道消化率 (ATTD) 更高 (p < 0.01)。与饲喂基础日粮、OB 或 PKE 日粮的猪相比，饲喂 WB 日粮的猪中性洗涤纤维 (NDF) 的 ATTD 更低 (p < 0.01)。与饲喂其他日粮的猪相比，饲喂 PKE 日粮的猪乙醚提取物 (EE) 的 ATTD 更高 (p < 0.01)。饲喂四种日粮的猪的平均总产热和 FHP 分别为 1261 和 787 kJ/kg BW /天，且不受日粮特性的显著影响。日粮的 NE:ME 比值在 78.1% 至 80.9% 之间。OB、WB 和 PKE 的 NE 含量分别为 10.93、7.47 和 8.71 MJ/kg DM。
