Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1410 Pelham Parkway South, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 16;8(1):16959. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35285-8.
Migraine is a highly prevalent, debilitating, episodic headache disorder affecting roughly 15% of the population. Familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) is a rare subtype of migraine caused by mutations in the ATP1A2 gene, encoding the α isoform of the Na/K-ATPase, predominantly expressed in astrocytes. Differential comorbidities such as epilepsy and psychiatric disorders manifest in patients. Using a mouse model harboring the G301R disease-mutation in the α isoform, we set to unravel whether α mice show an increased susceptibility for epilepsy and cortical spreading depression (CSD). We performed in vivo experiments involving cortical application of KCl in awake head-restrained male and female mice of different age groups (adult and aged). Interestingly, α mice indeed showed an increased susceptibility to both CSD and epileptiform activity, closely replicating symptoms in FHM2 patients harboring the G301R and other FHM2-causing mutations. Additionally, this epileptiform activity was superimposed on CSDs. The age-related alteration towards CSD indicates the influence of female sex hormones on migraine pathophysiology. Therefore, the FHM2, α mouse model can be utilized to broaden our understanding of generalized epilepsy and comorbidity hereof in migraine, and may be utilized toward future selection of possible treatment options for migraine.
偏头痛是一种常见的、使人虚弱的、间歇性头痛疾病,影响约 15%的人口。家族性偏瘫性偏头痛 2 型(FHM2)是偏头痛的一种罕见亚型,由 ATP1A2 基因突变引起,该基因编码 Na/K-ATPase 的α同工型,主要在星形胶质细胞中表达。不同的合并症,如癫痫和精神障碍,在患者中表现出来。使用携带α同工型 G301R 疾病突变的小鼠模型,我们着手研究α小鼠是否表现出对癫痫和皮质扩散性抑制(CSD)的易感性增加。我们进行了体内实验,涉及在不同年龄组(成年和老年)的清醒头部固定雄性和雌性小鼠的皮质中应用 KCl。有趣的是,α小鼠确实对 CSD 和癫痫样活动表现出更高的易感性,这与携带 G301R 和其他 FHM2 致病突变的 FHM2 患者的症状非常相似。此外,这种癫痫样活动叠加在 CSD 上。CSD 的年龄相关性改变表明女性性激素对偏头痛病理生理学的影响。因此,FHM2、α 小鼠模型可用于加深我们对偏头痛中全身性癫痫及其合并症的理解,并可能用于未来选择偏头痛的可能治疗选择。
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