Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Annu Rev Physiol. 2013;75:365-91. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183717. Epub 2012 Nov 26.
Migraine is a collection of perplexing neurological conditions in which the brain and its associated tissues have been implicated as major players during an attack. Once considered exclusively a disorder of blood vessels, compelling evidence has led to the realization that migraine represents a highly choreographed interaction between major inputs from both the peripheral and central nervous systems, with the trigeminovascular system and the cerebral cortex among the main players. Advances in in vivo and in vitro technologies have informed us about the significance to migraine of events such as cortical spreading depression and activation of the trigeminovascular system and its constituent neuropeptides, as well as about the importance of neuronal and glial ion channels and transporters that contribute to the putative cortical excitatory/inhibitory imbalance that renders migraineurs susceptible to an attack. This review focuses on emerging concepts that drive the science of migraine in both a mechanistic direction and a therapeutic direction.
偏头痛是一组令人费解的神经系统疾病，在发作期间大脑及其相关组织被认为是主要参与者。偏头痛曾被认为是一种纯粹的血管疾病，但有力的证据表明，偏头痛代表了外周和中枢神经系统的主要输入之间高度协调的相互作用，其中三叉血管系统和大脑皮层是主要参与者。体内和体外技术的进步使我们了解到皮质扩散性抑制和三叉血管系统及其组成神经肽的激活等事件对偏头痛的意义，以及神经元和神经胶质离子通道和转运体的重要性，这些都有助于偏头痛患者易患偏头痛的皮质兴奋性/抑制性失衡。这篇综述主要关注推动偏头痛科学向机制和治疗方向发展的新出现的概念。
