Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 1;654:456-462. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.122. Epub 2018 Nov 9.
Obesity is highly prevalent in Mexican American adults. Studies on the role of the built environment in relation to obesity among this population are scarce.
To investigate cross-sectional associations between multiple components of the built environment, and Body Mass Index (BMI) as well as obesity status among Mexican American adults enrolled in the Mano a Mano Cohort (MAC) study in Houston, Texas.
We calculated BMI from measured height and weight among 9534 Mexican American adults (aged 20-60) who participated in the baseline survey during 2008-2013. Several metrics of exposure to the built environment (physical activity environment, land use, and food environment) were generated using Geographic Information System and Google Maps based on participants' residential address. Generalized linear regression and logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between exposure to the built environment, a continuous BMI variable and categorical BMI variables (<30, ≥30 and ≥35), respectively.
Among all built environment exposure variables investigated, road density (total road length per km) [0.21 (0.06, 0.36) as coefficient (95% CI)], intersection density (intersection links per km) [0.74 (0.21, 1.28)], networked distance (km) [-0.29 (-0.47, -0.10)], and walking time (mins) [-0.02 (-0.04, -0.01)] to the nearest parks had statistically significantly linear associations with BMI. Those variables were found to have statistically significant associations with BMI ≥ 35 in logistic regression models, the odds ratio was 1.08 (1.02, 1.14) for road density, 1.31 (1.07, 1.60) for intersection density, 0.91 (0.85, 0.98) for networked distance, and 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) for walking time. None of the built environment exposure variables were found to be associated with BMI ≥ 30.
Living in areas with high density of roads exhibited significant associations with increased BMI, in particular BMI ≥ 35, among enrolled Mexican American adults in the MAC study.
肥胖症在墨西哥裔美国人中高度流行。关于建筑环境与该人群肥胖之间关系的研究很少。
调查德克萨斯州休斯顿曼诺阿曼科(MAC)研究中参与基线调查的 9534 名墨西哥裔美国成年人(年龄在 20-60 岁之间)的建筑环境的多个组成部分与身体质量指数(BMI)和肥胖状况之间的横断面关联。
我们根据参与者的居住地址,使用地理信息系统和谷歌地图计算了 9534 名墨西哥裔美国成年人(年龄在 20-60 岁之间)的 BMI(身高和体重测量值)。使用地理信息系统和谷歌地图,基于参与者的居住地址,生成了建筑环境暴露的几种指标(体育活动环境、土地利用和食品环境)。使用广义线性回归和逻辑回归模型分别估计暴露于建筑环境与连续 BMI 变量和分类 BMI 变量(<30、≥30 和≥35)之间的关联。
在所研究的所有建筑环境暴露变量中,道路密度(每公里道路总长度)[0.21(0.06,0.36)为系数(95%CI)]、交叉口密度(每公里交叉口数)[0.74(0.21,1.28)]、网络距离(km)[-0.29(-0.47,-0.10)]和到最近公园的步行时间(分钟)[-0.02(-0.04,-0.01)]与 BMI 呈统计学显著线性关联。在逻辑回归模型中,这些变量与 BMI≥35 有统计学显著关联,道路密度的比值比为 1.08(1.02,1.14),交叉口密度为 1.31(1.07,1.60),网络距离为 0.91(0.85,0.98),步行时间为 0.99(0.99,1.00)。没有发现建筑环境暴露变量与 BMI≥30 有关。
在 MAC 研究中,居住在道路密度高的地区与参与者的 BMI 增加显著相关,特别是 BMI≥35。