Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran.
Sustainable Use, Management and Reclamation of Soil and Water Research Group, Universidad Politecnica de Cartagena, Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, 30203, Cartagena, Murcia, Spain.
Chemosphere. 2019 Feb;217:695-705. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.045. Epub 2018 Nov 12.
Street dust and soil are important materials for evaluating the contaminants level in industrial areas. Detailed size-resolved distribution of metal(loid)s in street dusts and soils influenced by industrial activities has rarely been investigated. This study was carried out to understand how industrialization might affect the size distribution of metal(loid)s concentration and contamination level in the street dust and soil from Murcia, southern Spain. An industrial and a natural areas were selected and surface soil and street dust samples were taken. They were fractionated into eleven size classes and total concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, As and Fe were determined in both the bulk samples and their fractions. Enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index, and mass loading of different heavy metal(loids) were calculated. The results indicated that the street dust from natural and industrial areas had almost the same particle size distribution, both containing higher percentage of coarse-sized particles than the soil. Industrialization seems to have only slightly affected the concentration of most elements studied in the soil. In contrast, the concentrations of the heavy elements in bulk industrial dust samples and all their size fractions were extremely higher than those from the natural area. This means that the industrial activities only affected the size dependency of the concentration (contamination level) of certain elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Cr) in the street dust, but not in the soil.
街道灰尘和土壤是评估工业区域污染物水平的重要材料。详细的按粒度分布的金属（类）在受工业活动影响的街道灰尘和土壤中的分布情况很少被研究过。本研究旨在了解工业化如何影响西班牙南部穆尔西亚的街道灰尘和土壤中金属（类）浓度和污染水平的粒度分布。选择了一个工业区和一个自然区，并采集了地表土壤和街道灰尘样本。它们被分为十一个粒度级别，在全样本及其各个级别中测定了 Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd、Cr、Ni、As 和 Fe 的总浓度。计算了富集因子、地质累积指数和不同重金属（类）的质量负荷。结果表明，来自自然区和工业区的街道灰尘具有几乎相同的粒度分布，两者的粗颗粒百分比都高于土壤。工业化似乎只对土壤中大多数研究元素的浓度有轻微影响。相比之下，工业灰尘全样本及其所有粒度级别的重金属元素浓度都远远高于自然区的浓度。这意味着工业活动仅影响某些元素（Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd 和 Cr）在街道灰尘中的浓度（污染水平）的粒度依赖性，而不是在土壤中。
