The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 27;15(12):2662. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15122662.
Coal is a vital basic energy source in China, and rail serving is its major mode of transportation. Heavy metals in street dust surrounding the coal railway do harm to the environment and pose a potential risk to human health. This paper aims to identify the effects of coal transportation hubs on heavy metals in street dust. The geoaccumulation index and ecological risk index were used to assess the contamination levels of the following elements in Yuanping, Shanxi: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). The levels of contamination of these heavy metals in soils were compared to those in street dust, and the difference between the railway's and mining's impacts on dust's heavy-metal concentrations was explored. The results indicated that Cr and Pb in street dust were mainly affected by coal railway transportation, and the interaction effect of coal railway transportation and mining was greater than either of them alone. A potential control and prevention zone for Cr and Pb extending 1 km to both sides of the railway was identified. This work proves that coal railway transportation has certain effect on heavy metals in street dust and provides a scientific approach for future environmental impact assessments of coal transportation via railway.
煤炭是中国重要的基础能源，铁路运输是其主要运输方式。铁路周边街道灰尘中的重金属会对环境造成危害，并对人类健康构成潜在风险。本文旨在探讨煤炭运输枢纽对街道灰尘中重金属的影响。采用地积累指数和生态风险指数评价山西原平街道灰尘中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、汞（Hg）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）和锌（Zn）等元素的污染水平。比较了土壤和街道灰尘中重金属的污染程度，并探讨了铁路和矿山对灰尘中重金属浓度的影响差异。结果表明，街道灰尘中的 Cr 和 Pb 主要受煤炭铁路运输的影响，煤炭铁路运输与矿山的交互作用大于它们各自的单独作用。确定了一个延伸至铁路两侧各 1 公里的 Cr 和 Pb 潜在控制和预防区。这项工作证明了煤炭铁路运输对街道灰尘中重金属有一定的影响，为未来铁路煤炭运输的环境影响评估提供了科学方法。
